The flow may be laminar or turbulent. Osborne Reynolds (23 August 1832 - 21 February 1912) was a prominent innovator in the understanding of fluid dynamics and mechanics. Osborne Reynolds Apparatus consists of water resource for the system supply, fix-head water input to big and small transparent pipes, dye input by injection unit, and water output unit to determine water flow rate. The laminar, transition and turbulent flows can be obtained by varying the water flow rate using the water outlet control valve