Duplex Steel & Engineering Company

Bhuleshwar, Mumbai, Maharashtra

We stock Stainless steel Plates, Sheets, Coils of the Grades SS304, SS304L, SS309, SS310, SS314, SS316, SS316L, SS317L, SS321, Duplex 2205, Duplex 31803, Duplex 1.4462, Super Duplex UNS S32750, Super Duplex 2507, Super Duplex 32760, 904L, SMO 254, 253MA, AL-6XN, Inconel 600, Inconel 625, Inconel 800, Inconel 825, Alloy 20, Hastelloy C276, Hastelloy C22, Nickel 200 Nickel 200. We also Stock Pipes and Fittings in the above grade.

Dear Sir, We are the importers and Stockiest if the following grades Duplex 2205 / 31803 / 1.4462 sheets, plates, pipes and round barsDuplex 2101(LDX2101)/ 32101 Sheets and PlatesDuplex 2304 / 32304 Sheet and platesDuplex 2507 / 32750 / 32760 sheets, plates, pipes and round barsSS310 - sheets, plates, pipes and round barsSS304 / SS304L sheets, plates, pipes, Fittings and round barsSS 316 / SS316L sheets, plates, pipes, Fittings and round barsSS317L - sheets, plates, pipes and round barsSS314 - PlatesSS309 Sheets / plates253MA / 30815 / 1.4835 Sheets and plates. We introduce ourselves as the stockiest and exporters of SS309, SS310 and Duplex 2205 / 31803, LDX2101, 2304/ 32304 and 253MA. We are currently buying plates from various European and Korean mills such as M/s. Acroni (Slovenia), Arcelor Mittal (Belgium), Acreinox, DKC (Korea), Acerinox Etc. We are keeping all stock and can send you any plates immediately. Duplex 2205 / 31803 / 1.4462 Plates and Pipes. Duplex 2205 is 22% chromium, 3% molybdenum, 5-6% nickel; nitrogen alloyed duplex stainless steel with high general, localized, andstress corrosion resistance properties in addition to high strength and excellent impact toughness and long life. Duplex 2205 provides pittingand crevice corrosion resistance superior to 316L or 317L austenitic stainless steels in almost all corrosive media. It also has high corrosionand erosion fatigue properties as well as lower thermal expansion and higher thermal conductivity than austenitic. Duplex 2205 isparticularly suitable for applications covering the -50F/+600F temperature range. Temperatures outside this range may be considered but need some restrictions, particularly for welded structures. Duplex is used in a wide range of chemical equipment, tankers and other devices. Applications include desalination plants, seawaterpumps and other seawater environments as well as paper mills and Machinery, chemical tanks.

We are reckoned as reputed Manufacturer, Exporter and Supplier of SS309s Stainless Steel Products. Our products are fabricated using high-grade stainless steel to ensure durability and excellent quality. Excellent finish, high strength, durability and corrosion resistance are some of the main attributes of our Stainless Steel Products. Place bulk as well as urgent orders with us!

 

General Properties : Alloys 309 and 309S are austenitic chromium-nickel stainless steels that are often used for higher temperature applications. Due to their high chromium and nickel content, Alloys 309 and 309S are highly corrosion resistant, have outstanding resistance to oxidation, and excellent heat resistance while providing good strength at room and elevated temperatures. The only significant difference between 309 and 309S is the carbon content. Alloy 309S has a much less carbon composition which minimizes carbide precipitation and improves weldability.

Specifications : UNS S30900/S30908

Applications :Alloys 309 and 309S are used exclusively for their high temperature oxidation resistance, excellent high temperature strength, along with their resistance to creep deformation and environmental attack. Some examples include, but are not limited to :

• Heating elements
• Aircraft and jet engine parts
• Heat exchangers
• Carburizing annealing products
• Sulfite liquor handling equipment
• Kiln liners
• Boiler baffles
• Refinery and chemical processing equipment
• Auto exhaust parts

 
Standards :

• ASTM/ASME - UNS S30900/S30908
• EURONORM - FeMi35Cr20Cu4Mo2
• DIN - 2.4660

Corrosion Resistance :

• Provide excellent corrosion resistance
• More resistant to marine atmospheres than Alloy 304
• Often used at higher temperatures to take advantage of their oxidation resistance
• Have high resistance to sulfite liquors
• Generally considered heat resistant alloys
• Destructive scaling temperature is approximately 2000oF
• Good scaling resistance with regard to continuous and intermittent service

 High Temperature Corrosion :Alloy 309 resists high temperature corrosion in most in-service conditions. Operating temperatures are as follows :

• Oxidizing conditions (max. sulfur content–2 g/m³)
  • 1922^oF (1050^oC) continuous service
  • 2012^oF (1100^oC) peak temperature

• Oxidizing conditions (max. sulfur greater than 2 g/m³)
  • 1742^oF (950^oC) maximum temperature

• Low oxygen atmosphere (max. sulfur content–2 g/m³)
  • 1832^oF (1000^oC) maximum temperature

• Nitriding or carburizing atmospheres
  • 1562–1742^oF (850–950^oC) maximum

The alloy does not perform as well as Alloy 600 (UNS N06600) or Alloy 800 (UNS N08800) in reducing, nitriding or carburizing atmospheres, but it does outperform most heat resistant stainless steels in these conditions.

Heat Treatment :

• Cannot be hardened through heat treatment because the consist solely of austenite at room temperature
• Higher tensile and yield strengths that can be obtained through cold working and not followed by full annealing are not stable at the higher temperatures where these alloys are used
• Creep properties can be negatively affected by the use of cold worked material at these higher temperatures

Fabrication :

• Can be roll formed, stamped, and drawn readily
• In process annealing is often required to reduce hardness and increase ductility

Weldability :

• The austenitic class of stainless steels is generally considered to be weldable
• Generally considered to have weldability equivalent to the most common alloys of the austenitic class 304 and 304L
• Special consideration is needed to compensate for a higher coefficient of thermal expansion to avoid warping and distortion

Reckoned for robust structure and high performance, our 2205 Duplex Steel Products are of unmatched standards. They are compact-in-design and safe. Buyers can get a wide range of Steel Products from us at market leading prices. We are engaged in trading of 2205 Duplex Steel Products as well. Buyers can rely on to supply Steel Products in bulk and maintain year round products availability. We are one of the eminent Manufacturers, Exporters and Suppliers of 2205 Duplex Steel Products.

 

General Properties : Duplex 2205 is a two-phase, ferritic, austenitic 22% chromium, 3% molybdenum, 5 to 6% nickel alloyed stainless steel. It is the most widely used duplex stainless steel grade and is characterized by high yield strength, double that of the standard austenitic stainless steel grades. It also demonstrates good fatigue strength, as well as outstanding resistance to stress corrosion cracking, crevice, pitting, erosion, and general corrosion in severe environments.

 

Applications :

• Chemical processing, transport and storage – pressure vessels, tanks, piping, and heat exchangers
• Oil and gas exploration and processing equipment – piping, tubing, and heat exchangers
• Marine and other high chloride environments
• Effluent scrubbing systems
• Pulp and paper industry – digesters, bleaching equipment, and stock-handling systems
• Cargo tanks for ships and trucks
• Food processing equipment
• Biofuels plants

 

Corrosion Resistance :

• Due to its high chromium, molybdenum, and nitrogen content, Duplex 2205 demonstrates superior corrosion resistant properties to 316 and 316L in most environments
• Chromium, molybdenum, and nitrogen content also provide high resistance to pitting and crevice corrosion, even in oxidizing and acidic solutions
• Resistant to chloride stress corrosion cracking and temperatures of up to about 302°F (150°C)
• The presence of ferrite provides for good performance of Duplex 2205 in caustic environments

 

 

Heat Resistance :

• Similar to other duplex stainless steels, Duplex 2205 has good oxidation resistance at high temperatures
• Subject to embrittlement when exposed to temperatures above 572°F (300°C) even when exposed for short periods of time; Duplex 2205 is therefore not recommended for use above 572°F (300°C)

 

Welding Characteristics :

• Possesses good weldability
• Should not generally be welded without filler metal as this may result in excessive ferrite

 
Heat Treatment :

• Annealing temperature range is 1868 to 2012^oF (1020 to 1100^oC)
• Cannot be hardened by heat treatment – but Duplex 2205 does work-harden
• Special consideration is needed to compensate for a higher coefficient of thermal expansion to avoid warping and distortion.

 
Processing – Hot Forming : Most Duplex 2205 producers recommend a maximum hot forming temperature between 2010 and 2100^oF (1100 to 1150^oC). If the shape of the work piece is not compact, the edges may be significantly cooler than the bulk, and there is risk of cracking in the cooler regions.

Processing – Cold Forming : Duplex 2205 has shown good formability in a variety of fabrications. The high strength of Duplex 2205 can pose problems. Even when the equipment has sufficient power, allowance must be made for higher spring-back caused by the grade’s high strength.

 

Machinability : Duplex 2205 is somewhat more difficult to machine than the 300 series austenitic stainless steels. Higher cutting forces are required and more rapid tool wear is typical. Some guidelines for machining are: A) Use powerful, rigid machines with extremely strong rigid mounting of tools and work piece, B) Minimize vibration by keeping the tool extension as short as possible, C) Use a nose radius on the tool, no longer than necessary, for carbides that have a sharp edge while still providing adequate strength, D) Design machining sequences to always provide for a depth of cut below the work hardened layer resulting from the previous passes.

Standards : 

• UNS S31803, S32205
• EN number 1.4462
• EN name X2CrNiMoN 22-5-3
• W.Nr. 1.4462
• DIN X2CrNiMoN 22 5 3
• SS 2377
• AFNOR Z2.CND22.05.03

253MA-30815 Stainless Steel Products that we manufacture, export and supply are widely in demand amongst buyers. Owing to attributes like corrosion resistance, high strength, durability and superb finish, our Stainless Steel Products are extensively in demand. We make available our Stainless Steel Products in any required specifications and at reasonable prices.

 

Background :

• 253MA is a grade combining excellent service properties at high temperatures with ease of fabrication. It resists oxidation at temperatures up to 1150^oC and can provide superior service to Grade 310 in carbon, nitrogen and sulphur containing atmospheres.  Another proprietary designation covering this grade is 2111HTR.
• 253MA contains fairly low nickel content, which gives it some advantage in reducing sulphide atmospheres when compared to high nickel alloys and to Grade 310. The inclusion of high silicon, nitrogen and cerium contents gives the steel good oxide stability, high elevated temperature strength and excellent resistance to sigma phase precipitation. The austenitic structure gives this grade excellent toughness, even down to cryogenic temperatures.

 
Heat Resistance :

• Oxidation - Excellent resistance to air, at temperatures up to 1150^oC. At high temperatures the steel quickly forms a thin, highly adherent and elastic oxide. This oxide gives good protection even under cyclic conditions.
• Carburisation - Under oxidising conditions this grade can perform well, but alloys with higher nickel content are preferred if the atmosphere is reducing.
• Sulphidation - good resistance to sulphur-bearing gases in an oxidising atmosphere, even if only traces of oxygen are present. Reducing gases prevent the protective oxide forming.
• 253MA has high strength at elevated temperatures so is often used for structural and pressure-containing applications at temperatures above about 500^oC and up to about 900^oC. Its strength at these temperatures is higher than that of alternatives such as Grade 310.
• 253MA will become sensitised in the temperature range of 425-860^oC; this is not a problem for high temperature applications, but will result in reduced aqueous corrosion resistance.

Details :

• Key Properties - These properties are specified for flat rolled product (plate, sheet and coil) as Grade S30815 in ASTM A240/A240M. Similar but not necessarily identical properties are specified for other products such as pipe and bar in their respective specifications.
• Corrosion Resistance - Although not designed for aqueous corrosion resistance the high chromium and nitrogen contents give the grade a pitting resistance approximating that of 316. 253MA does however have a high carbon content so is highly susceptible to sensitisation from welding or service exposure.
• Heat Treatment ­- Solution Treatment (Annealing) - Heat to 1050-1150^oC and cool rapidly. It is recommended that the material be solution treated after 10-20% cold work to achieve maximum creep strength in service.
• This grade cannot be hardened by thermal treatment.
• Welding - Excellent weldability by all standard fusion methods, using matching filler metals. AS 1554.6 pre-qualifies welding of 253MA with Grade 22.12HT rods or electrodes. Grade 309 fillers can be used if lower creep strength can be tolerated. Pure argon shielding gas should be used.
• Machining - As for other austenitic stainless steels, the machining requires sharp tools, slow speeds and heavy feed. This grade has a low sulphur content.

 
Heat exchanger tubes and pipes in processes for :

• Exhaust system
• Furnace rolls
• Furnaces for drying
• Heat recovery, carbon black
• Hydrocarbon gases, painting
• Flue gas and synthetic graphite
• Production of Aluminium Sulphate
• Production of mineral wool
• Pyrometer
• Recuperators
• Waste combustion
• Waste incineration

Buy corrosion resistant and highly durable 31803 Duplex Steel Products from us as per requirements. We offer them in varied shapes, grades and sizes to cater to varied demands of buyers. Our company is ranked among responsive and responsible traders of a comprehensive assortment 31803 Duplex Steel Products. They function optimally and guarantee long service life.

 

General Properties : Duplex 2205 is a two-phase, ferritic, austenitic 22% chromium, 3% molybdenum, 5 to 6% nickel alloyed stainless steel. It is the most widely used duplex stainless steel grade and is characterized by high yield strength, double that of the standard austenitic stainless steel grades. It also demonstrates good fatigue strength, as well as outstanding resistance to stress corrosion cracking, crevice, pitting, erosion, and general corrosion in severe environments.

Applications :

• Chemical processing, transport and storage – pressure vessels, tanks, piping, and heat exchangers
• Oil and gas exploration and processing equipment – piping, tubing, and heat exchangers
• Marine and other high chloride environments
• Effluent scrubbing systems
• Pulp and paper industry – digesters, bleaching equipment, and stock-handling systems
• Cargo tanks for ships and trucks
• Food processing equipment
• Biofuels plants

Corrosion Resistance :

• Due to its high chromium, molybdenum, and nitrogen content, Duplex 2205 demonstrates superior corrosion resistant properties to 316 and 316L in most environments
• Chromium, molybdenum, and nitrogen content also provide high resistance to pitting and crevice corrosion, even in oxidizing and acidic solutions
• Resistant to chloride stress corrosion cracking and temperatures of up to about 302°F (150°C)
• The presence of ferrite provides for good performance of Duplex 2205 in caustic environments

Heat Resistance :

• Similar to other duplex stainless steels, Duplex 2205 has good oxidation resistance at high temperatures
• Subject to embrittlement when exposed to temperatures above 572°F (300°C) even when exposed for short periods of time; Duplex 2205 is therefore not recommended for use above 572°F (300°C)

 Welding Characteristics :

• Possesses good weldability
• Should not generally be welded without filler metal as this may result in excessive ferrite

 
Heat Treatment :

• Annealing temperature range is 1868 to 2012^oF (1020 to 1100^oC)
• Cannot be hardened by heat treatment – but Duplex 2205 does work-harden
• Special consideration is needed to compensate for a higher coefficient of thermal expansion to avoid warping and distortion

 
Processing – Hot Forming : Most Duplex 2205 producers recommend a maximum hot forming temperature between 2010 and 2100^oF (1100 to 1150^oC). If the shape of the work piece is not compact, the edges may be significantly cooler than the bulk, and there is risk of cracking in the cooler regions.

Processing – Cold Forming : Duplex 2205 has shown good formability in a variety of fabrications. The high strength of Duplex 2205 can pose problems. Even when the equipment has sufficient power, allowance must be made for higher spring-back caused by the grade’s high strength.

Machinability : Duplex 2205 is somewhat more difficult to machine than the 300 series austenitic stainless steels. Higher cutting forces are required and more rapid tool wear is typical. Some guidelines for machining are: A) Use powerful, rigid machines with extremely strong rigid mounting of tools and work piece, B) Minimize vibration by keeping the tool extension as short as possible, C) Use a nose radius on the tool, no longer than necessary, for carbides that have a sharp edge while still providing adequate strength, D) Design machining sequences to always provide for a depth of cut below the work hardened layer resulting from the previous passes.

 

Standards : 

• UNS S31803, S32205
• EN number 1.4462
• EN name X2CrNiMoN 22-5-3
• W.Nr. 1.4462
• DIN X2CrNiMoN 22 5 3
• SS 2377
• AFNOR Z2.CND22.05.03

Our company is one of the eminent Manufacturers, Exporters and Suppliers 32550 Duplex Steel Products. Designed and fabricated using the latest machines and ultramodern CAD/ CAM technologies, our 32550 Duplex Steel Products are corrosion resistant, low maintenance, reliable and easy to install. Available in varied specifications, our 32550 Duplex Steel Products are customizable as per requirements of customers. We offer 32550 Duplex Steel Products in bulk that too at market leading prices.

 

Description :

• UNS S32550 is finding many cost effective applications in the chemical, marine, metallurgical, municipal sanitation, plastics, oil and gas, petrochemical, pollution control, wet phosphoric acid, paper making and metalworking industries.      
• Called "super" because it is more alloyed than ordinary stainless steels and has superior corrosion resistance, UNS S32550 is being used in areas where conventional stainless' are inadequate or, at best marginal. One good example s in the paper industry which was hit with an epidemic of corrosion problems when environmental laws forced recycling of process liquids In closed systems, chemicals such as chlorides can build up to highly corrosive concentrations over time. Paper makers have found that ordinary stainless equipment, which had previously given good service, was no longer adequate for many applications.      
• Duplex alloy with a high strength to weight ratio, with superior abrasion and cavitation resistance. Resistance to chloride SCC, as well as crevice corrosion and pitting. Good ductility with a high fatigue strength in marine applications. Twice the yield strength of Alloy 20, and stronger than Duplex 2205. An excellent 40°C critical pitting temperature (ASTM G48-Method A), twice that of Alloy 2205.      
• UNS S32550 is a cost effective alternative to materials such as the nickel alloys, 20 type alloys, brass and bronze. Marine environments have long been the domain of admiralty bronze. UNS S32550 is replacing admiralty bronze, and the nickel alloys, in offshore platforms, deck hardware, rudders and shafting.      
• UNS S32550 is also making inroads in "borderline" corrosion applications where the nickel alloys and high performance alloys have been used but may not have been absolutely necessary. In some instances, it has even been used to replace high performance Ni-Cr-Mo-F-Cu alloys in the phosphoric acid industry.      
• Valves, pumps, shafts, marine environments, Applications in down-hole, waste water, polycarbonate production, and demineralized water production.      

Chemistry : The alloy's high critical pitting temperature and high critical crevice temperature provide more resistance to pitting and crevice corrosion than lesser alloyed materials. The alloy's very high yield strength combined with good ductility allows lower wall thicknesses in process equipment.    

We are the noteworthy Manufacturer, Exporter and Supplier of durable SS304-SS304L Stainless Steel Products. Made from high-grade stainless steel, our products are appreciated for high strength, corrosion resistance, heat resistance, excellent finish, etc. We offer these Stainless Steel Products in different specifications to meet the exact application requirements of the buyers. Place bulk as well as urgent orders for Stainless Steel Products with us!

 

General Properties : Stainless Steel 304 / 304L is a T-300 series stainless steel austenitic, which has a minimum of 18% chromium and 8% nickel. SS304 / 304L has a carbon maximum is 0.030. It is the standard “18/8 stainless” that is commonly found in pans and cooking tools. SS304 / 304Lis the most versatile and widely used alloy in the stainless steel family. Ideal for a wide variety of home and commercial applications, SS304 / 304Lexhibits excellent corrosion resistance and has a high ease of fabrication, outstanding formability. The austenitic stainless steels are also considered to be the most weldable of the high-alloy steels and can be welded by all fusion and resistance welding processes.

 

Specifications :  UNS S30400 / UNS S30403

Applications :SS304 / 304LStainless Steel is used in a wide variety of home and commercial applications, including :

• Food processing equipment, particularly in beer brewing, milk processing, and wine making
• Kitchen benches, sinks, troughs, equipment, and appliances
• Architectural trim and molding
• Automotive and aerospace structural use
• Construction material in large buildings
• Chemical containers, including for transport
• Heat exchangers
• Nuts, bolts, screws, and other fasteners in the marine environment
• Dyeing industry
• Woven or welded screens for mining, quarrying & water filtration

 

Standards :

• ASTM/ASME - UNS S30400 / S30403
• EURONORM - 1.4301 / 1.4303
• AFNOR - Z5 CN 18.09 / Z2 CN 18.10
• DIN - X5 CrNi 18 10 / X2 CrNi 19 11

Corrosion Resistance :

• Resistance to moderately aggressive organic acids is a result of the 9 to 11% nickel that the 304 alloys contain.
• Resistance to corrosion in oxidizing environments is a result of the 18 to 19% chromium that the 304 alloys contain.
• The 304, 304L, and 304H may be considered to perform uniformly in most corrosive environments.

 
Heat Resistance :

• Continuous use of 304 in the 800-1580°F range is not recommended if subsequent aqueous corrosion resistance is important.
• Good oxidation resistance in intermittent service to 1600°F and in continuous service to 1690°F

Properties of 304 Alloy
Welding Characteristics :Excellent welding properties; post-weld annealing is not required when welding thin sections. Two important considerations in producing weld joints in the austenitic stainless steels are :

• Avoidance of cracking
• Preservation of corrosion resistance
• To forge, heat uniformity to 2100 / 2300 ^oF
• Do not forge below 1700 ^oF
• Forging can be air cooled without danger of cracking
• Processing – Cold Forming
• Its austenitic structure allows it to be deep-drawn without intermediate annealing, Making this the stainless steel grade of choice in the manufacturing of sinks, hollow-ware and saucepans.
• These grades work harden rapidly. To relieve stresses produced in severe forming or spinning, parts should be full annealed or stress relief annealed as soon as possible after forming.

Machinability : The use of chip breakers is advised since the chips can be stringy. Stainless steel work harden rapidly, heavy positive feeds, sharp tooling, and a rigid set-up should be used. of cut below the work-hardened layer resulting from the previous passes.

Our company is one of the responsive and responsible Manufacturers, Exporters and Suppliers of a comprehensive assortment of 32101 Duplex Steel Products made out of 100% pure Steel, using the latest CNC technologies. Our company offers precision-engineered 32101 Duplex Steel Products in varied grades, sizes, shapes and durability. We are capable of making them available in bulk at reasonable prices. In addition, we are flexible and provide buyers with customized solutions as well. 

 

Description :

• Unisteels and Enineering Co. Pvt. Ltd. maintains an extensive inventory of LDX 2101 stainless steel plate in thicknesses from 1mm through 60mm The alloy is a low nickel, lean duplex stainless steel possessing both superior strength and chloride stress-corrosion cracking resistance when compared to 300 series stainless steels.
• LDX 2101 (UNS S32101) is a 21.5% chromium, 5% manganese, 1.5% nickel, 0.45% molybdenum lean duplex stainless steel with corrosion resistance superior to 304L and comparable to 316L. LDX 2101 possesses both superior strength and greater chloride stress-corrosion cracking resistance than conventional 300 series stainless steels.The enhanced mechanical strength of LDX 2101 enables it to be used in thinner cross-sections which can provide significant cost savings to the end user. LDX 2101 was designed to be a low nickel general purpose substitute for 304 and 304L.

General Properties :

• LDX 2101 is a low-nickel, nitrogen enhanced lean duplex stainless steel developed for general-purpose use. The austenitic-ferritic (duplex) structure of the alloy is balanced to approximately equal amounts of ferrite and austenite in the solution-annealed condition.
• The enhanced mechanical strength of LDX 2101 is far superior to conventional 300 series stainless steels enabling it to be used in thinner cross-sections which can provide significant cost savings to the end user. LDX 2101 exhibits good abrasion and erosion resistance and can be fabricated using standard shop practices developed for duplex stainless steels.

Applications :

• Air Pollution Control
• External absorber and outlet duct reinforcements
• Biofuels
• Biodiesel and 2Ethanol plants and tanks
• Chemical Process Equipment
• Pressure vessels, heat exchangers, tanks, piping systems and tankers
• Food and Beverage Process Equipment
• Palm oil and wine storage tanks
• Infrastructure
• Bridges, flood gates, sluice gates
• Pulp and Paper
• Hydrogen peroxide bleaching reactors, white liquor storage tanks, digesters,
• washers, paper machine parts
• Seawater Treatment
• Desalination system chambers and evaporators
• Water and Wastewater Treatment
• PREN = %Cr + 3.3Mo + 30N

Design Stress Allowance : One of the advantages of nitrogen-enriched duplex stainless steels is their higher strength levels in comparison to conventional austenitic stainless steels. This allows for construction of units with thinner cross-sections. This weight savings can dramatically reduce the material and fabrication cost of a vessel.

Corrosion Properties : The 300 series stainless steels are used extensively in numerous process industries due to their overall general corrosion resistance. The corrosion resistance of LDX 2101 is generally better than 304L and comparable to 316L making it suitable for use in a wide variety of industries and applications.

Chloride Pitting Resistance : The pitting resistance of an austenitic stainless steel can be related directly to alloy composition, where chromium, molybdenum and nitrogen are a weight %. The Pitting Resistance Equivalent Number (PREN) uses the following formula to measure an alloy’s relative pitting resistance - the higher the number, the better the pitting resistance.

Crevice Corrosion Resistance : The Critical Crevice Corrosion Temperature (CCCT) test is often used to compare the crevice corrosion resistance of various alloys.

Stress-Corrosion Cracking Resistance : Chloride stress-corrosion cracking (SCC) is one of the most serious forms of localized corrosion. Higher temperatures and reduced pH will increase the probability of SCC. The onset of SCC is one of the most common reasons for stainless equipment failure. Because of its duplex structure LDX 2101 offers excellent resistance to SCC.

We provide SS316-SS316L Stainless Steel Products with advance features in order to ensure high efficiency and flawless performance. Our products are fabricated using premium stainless steel and the latest technology. We make available Stainless Steel Products in different technical specifications to meet the varied requirements of buyers. Our Stainless Steel Products are reasonably priced.

 

General Properties : Alloy 316/316L is molybdenum-bearing austenitic stainless steel. The higher nickel and molybdenum content in this grade allows it to demonstrate better overall corrosion resistant properties than 304, especially with regard to pitting and crevice corrosion in chloride environments. In addition, Alloy 316/ 316L provides excellent elevated temperature tensile, creep and stress-rupture strengths, as well as outstanding formability and weldability. 316L is the lower carbon version of 316 and is immune from sensitization; therefore, it is very frequently used in heavy gauge welded components.Specifications : UNS S31600 / S31603

Applications :

• Food preparation equipment, especially in chloride environments
• Chemical processing, equipment
• Laboratory benches and equipment
• Rubber, plastics, pulp & paper machinery
• Pollution control equipment
• Boat fittings, value and pump trim
• Heat exchangers
• Pharmaceutical and textile industries
• Condensers, evaporators and tanks

Standards :

• ASTM/ASME - UNS S31600 / S31603
• EURONORM - X1 CrNiMo 17 12 2 / X3 CrNiMo 17 12 2
• AFNOR - Z 6 CND 17-11 / Z 2 CND 17-12
• DIN - 1.4401 / 1.4404

Corrosion Resistance :

• Generally more resistant than 304 in range of atmospheric environments and many corrosive media due to the increased chromium and molybdenum content.
• Subject to pitting and crevice corrosion in warm chloride environments, and to stress corrosion cracking above about 122°F (50^oC).
• Considered resistant to potable water with up to about 1000mg/L chlorides at ambient temperatures, reducing to about 500mg/L at
• 140°F (60^oC).
• Usually regarded as the “marine grade stainless steel” – but is not resistant to warm sea water.

Heat Resistance :

• Good oxidation resistance in intermittent service to 1600^oF (870^oC) and in continuous service to 1700^oF (925^oC)
• Grade 316L is more resistant to carbide precipitation.

Welding Characteristics :

• Excellent weldability by all standard fusion methods, both with and without filler metals.
• Heavy welded sections in Grade 316 require post-weld annealing for maximum corrosion resistance, this is not required for grade 316L.

Heat Treatment :

• Annealing temperature range is 1900 to 2100^oF (1038 to 1149^oC).
• Cannot be hardened by heat treatment.
• Special consideration is needed to compensate for a higher coefficient of thermal expansion to avoid warping and distortion.

Processing – Hot Forming :

• Most producers recommend a maximum forging temperature between 2100^oF and 2300^oF
• Do not forge below 1700°F (927^oC) Best
• Corrosion resistance is obtained if the forgings are given a final anneal.

Processing – Cold Forming :

• 316/316L types being extremely tough and ductile, can be readily cold worked such as roll form, swaging, cold heading, deep drawing,
• bent, etc., without difficulty
• Severely cold formed parts should be annealed to remove stresses.

Machineability :

• Type 316/316L is somewhat more difficult to machine than Type 304 because of its toughness.
• 316/316L machines with chip characteristics that are tough and strong.
• Chip breakers and curlers are advised.
• As large a tool as possible and great amounts of cutting fluid should be used.
• Heavy positive feeds at low speeds should be considered since 316/316L work hardens rapidly.

Our SS310s Stainless Steel Products are accredited for their high strength, durability, corrosion resistance, superb finish, etc. We are the trusted Manufacturer, Exporter and Supplier of SS310s Stainless Steel Products based in India. We make available these Stainless Steel Products in any required specifications and at very reasonable rates. Place urgent orders with us!

 

General Properties :  Grade 310 is a medium carbon austenitic stainless steel, for high temperature applications such as furnace parts and heat treatment equipment. It is used at temperatures up to 1150^oC in continuous service, and 1035°C in intermittent service. Grade 310S is a low carbon version of grade 310.

Typical Applications : Grade 310/310S is used in fluidised bed combustors, kilns, radiant tubes, tube hangers for petroleum refining and steam boilers, coal gasifier internal components, lead pots, thermowells, refractory anchor bolts, burners and combustion chambers, retorts, muffles, annealing covers, saggers, food processing equipment, cryogenic structures.

Description :

• These grades contain 25% chromium and 20% nickel, making them highly resistant to oxidation and corrosion. Grade 310S is a lower carbon version, less prone to embrittlement and sensitisation in service.
• The high chromium and medium nickel content make these steels capable for applications in reducing sulphur atmospheres containing H2S. They are widely used in moderately carburising atmospheres, as encountered in petrochemical environments. For more severe carburising atmospheres other heat resisting alloys should be selected. Grade 310 is not recommended for frequent liquid quenching as it suffers from thermal shock. The grade is often used in cryogenic applications, due to its toughness and low magnetic permeability.
• In common with other austenitic stainless steels, these grades cannot be hardened by heat treatment. They can be hardened by cold work, but this is rarely practiced.

Details :

• Availability - Unisteels & Engg. Co. Pvt Ltd.can supply these grades as plate, sheet and strip, bar and rod, seamless tube and pipe, welded tube and pipe, forgings and forging billet, tube and pipe fittings, wire.
• Corrosion Resistance - Grade 310/310S is generally not used for corrosive liquid service, although the high chromium and nickel content give corrosion resistance superior to grade 304. The alloy does not contain molybdenum, so pitting resistance is quite poor. Grade 310/310S will be sensitised to intergranular corrosion after service at temperatures in range 550 – 800^oC. Chloride stress corrosion cracking may take place in corrosive liquids containing chlorides at temperatures exceeding 100^oC.
• Heat Resistance - Grades 310/310S have good resistance to oxidation in intermittent service in air up to 1035^oC and 1050^oC in continuous service. The grades are resistant to oxidation, sulphidation and carburisation.
• Fabrication - Grades 310/310S are forged in the temperature range 975 – 1175^oC. Heavy work is carried out down to 1050^oC and a light finish is applied to the bottom of the range. After forging annealing is recommended to relieve all stresses from the forging process. The alloys can be readily cold formed by standard methods and equipment.
• Machinability - Grades 310/310S are similar in machinability to type 304. Work hardening can be a problem and it is normal to remove the work hardened layer by using slow speeds and heavy cuts, with sharp tools and good lubrication. Powerful machines and heavy, rigid tools are used.

Weldability :

• Grades 310/310S are welded with matching electrodes and filler metals. The alloys are readily welded by SMAW (manual), GMAW (MIG), GTAW (TIG) and SAW. Electrodes to AWS A5.4 E310-XX and A 5.22 E310T-X, and filler metal AWS A5.9 ER310 are used. Argon is shielding gas.
• Preheat and post heat are not required, but for corrosion service in liquids full post weld solution annealing treatment is essential.
• Pickling and passivation of the surface to remove high temperature oxides are essential to restore full aqueous corrosion resistance after welding. This treatment is not required for high temperature service, but welding slag should be thoroughly removed.

Heat Treatment :

• Type 310/310S are solution annealed by heating to temperature range 1040 – 1065^oC, holding at temperature until thoroughly soaked, then water quenching.
• The technical advice and recommendations made in this Product Data Sheet should not be relied or acted upon without conducting your own further investigations, including corrosion exposure tests where needed. Please consult current editions of standards for design properties. Unisteels & Engg. Co. Pvt Ltd. assumes no liability in connection with the information in this Product Data Sheet. Unisteels & Engg. Co. Pvt Ltd. supplies a comprehensive range of stainless steels, copper alloys, nickel alloys and other high performance metals for challenging service conditions. Our engineers and metallurgists will be pleased to provide further data and applications advice.

Dimensional accuracy, excellent finish, corrosion resistance and abrasion resistance are some of the features that distinguish our 32304 Duplex Steel Products from others in the market. Our company caters to retail and bulk requirements with ease. We price our products economically. Buyers can purchase 32304 Duplex Steel Products from us in varied specifications and grades. We maintain year round availability of 32304 Duplex Steel Products. 

 

Description :

• Unisteels and Engineering Co. Pvt. Ltd. stocks a full line of Duplex 2304 (UNS S 32304) stainless steel plate in thicknesses from 1mm Thk To 60mm and is a cost-effective solution for 316L stainless steel plate applications.
• Alloy 2304 (UNS S32304) is a 23% chromium, 4% nickel, molybdenum-free duplex stainless steel. The Alloy 2304 has corrosion resistance properties similar to 316L. Furthermore, its mechanical properties, i.e., yield strength, are twice those of 304L/316L austenitic grades. This allows the designer to save weight, particularly for properly designed pressure vessel applications. The alloy is particularly suitable for applications covering the -50°C/+300°C (-58°F/572°F) temperature range. Lower temperatures may also be considered but need some restrictions, particularly for welded structures. With its duplex microstructure and low nickel and high chromium contents, the alloy has improved stress corrosion resistance properties compared to 304 and 316 austenitic grades.

Applications :

• Generally where 304 and 316L are used
• Pulp and paper industry (chip storage tanks, white and black liquor tanks, digestors)
• Caustic solutions, organic acids (SCC resistance)
• Food industry
• Pressure vessels (weight savings)
• Mining (abrasion/corrosion)

Corrosion Resistance :

• General Corrosion - Because of its high chromium content (23%) the corrosion resistance properties of 2304 are almost equivalent to those of 316L.
• Localized Corrosion Resistance - The 23% chromium and 0.1% nitrogen additions explain why 2304 duplex stainless steel behaves much better than Alloy 316L when considering pitting and crevice corrosion resistance.
• Stress Corrosion Resistance - Stress corrosion resistance test results in chloride containing aqueous solutions ((8ppm 02) PH =7, >1000 h, applied stresses higher than the yield strength) show that Alloy 2304 outperforms Alloys 304L and 316L, due to its high chromium additions and low nickel contents.  This is a typical feature of duplex stainless steels. Alloy 2205 performs still better than 2304 in similar conditions.
• Other Corrosion Resistance Properties - Alloy 2304 duplex stainless steel successfully passes most of the standard IC test procedures such as ASTM, A262E, and C tests. Its corrosion rate in boiling nitric acid (65%) is higher than that of Alloy 316L. Due to its high yield strength, the alloy performs well in abrasion/corrosion applications.

Structure :The chemical analysis of 2304 is optimized to obtain a typical 50 a / 50 g microstructure after solution annealing treatment at 950^o/1050^oC (1742^o/1922^oF).The microstructure of 2304 duplex is very stable compared to molybdenum-containing duplex stainless steels. Intermetallic phases are present only after 10 hours holding time in the 750^o/850^oC (1382^o/1562^oF) temperature range. Copper additions to 2304 grade, when specified, increase the hardness of the steel after heat treatment in the 350^o/500^oC (662⁰/932^oF) temperature range.

Processing :

• Hot forming - Hot forming must be performed in the 1150^o/900^oC (2100/1650^oF) temperature range. After forming, a new solution annealing treatment is recommended in the 950^o/1050^oC (2100^o/1650^oF) temperature range to fully restore corrosion resistance properties and mechanical properties. Parts formed with 2304 must be supported carefully during heating to avoid creep deformation.
• Cold forming - Alloy 2304 may be cold formed without any problem. The same equipment as used for the cold forming of 304L and 316L grades can be used. Due to its higher mechanical properties, including the yield strength, higher stresses are required for cold forming. A final solution annealing heat treatment is also recommended after cold forming in order to restore the mechanical and corrosion resistance properties, as decribed in ‘hot forming.’
• Descaling - Use the same solutions and pastes as for Alloys 304L/316L. The pickling time will be higher than for austenitic grades due to the corrosion resistance properties of the alloy.

Machinability : Alloy 2304 duplex exhibits improved machinability properties particularly when considering drilling. Its behavior is equivalent to that of 316LEZ*. Furthermore, 2304 has better corrosion resistance and cleanliness properties as no sulphur additions are necessary. Localized corrosion resistance behavior is improved Welding

 

Alloy 2304 can be successfully welded by the following processes :

• TIG, manual and automatic
• PLASMA, MIG, SMAW, SAW, FCAW
• The duplex microstructure renders the alloy less sensitive to hot cracking.
• The welding parameters must be optimized to obtain a controlled ferrite level (20-70%). Typical recommended heat inputs are 10-25 KJ/cm with a 150°C (302°F) max interpass temperature. These conditions must be optimized taking into account the thickness of the products and welding equipment (consult if necessary). We do not recommend pre- or post-welding heat treatments. Only complete solution annealing heat treatment may be considered.

The company is enlisted among the topmost Manufacturers, Exporters and Suppliers of SS317L Stainless Steel Products. Our products are fabricated using superior grade stainless steel and advanced machines to ensure excellent quality and perfect finish. Our products have wide application in numerous industries and we offer them in required specifications. Buyers can place bulk as well as urgent orders with us!

General Properties : Alloy 317L is molybdenum-bearing austenitic stainless steels with greatly increased resistance to chemical attack as compared to the conventional chromium-nickel austenitic stainless steels such as Alloy 304. In addition, 317L alloys offer higher creep, stress-to-rupture, and tensile strengths at elevated temperatures than conventional stainless steels. All are low carbon or "L" grades to provide resistance to sensitization during welding and other thermal processes. The combination of molybdenum and nitrogen is particularly effective in enhancing resistance to pitting and crevice corrosion, especially in process streams containing acids, chlorides, and sulfur compounds at elevated temperatures. Nitrogen also serves to increase the strength of these alloys. Both alloys are intended for severe service conditions such as flue gas desulfurization (FGD) systems.

Resistance to Corrosion :

• Alloys 317L stainless steels is more resistant to atmospheric and other mild types of corrosion than conventional chromium-nickel stainless steels. In general, environments that are not corrosive to 18Cr-8Ni steels will not attack alloys containing molybdenum, with the exception of highly oxidizing acids such as nitric acid.
• Alloys 317L stainless steels is considerably more resistant than conventional chromium-nickel types to solutions of sulfuric acid. Resistance increases with alloy molybdenum content. These alloys are resistant to sulfuric acid concentrations up to 5 percent at temperatures as high as 120^oF (49^oC). At temperatures under 100^oF (38^oC) these alloys have excellent resistance to solutions of higher concentration. However, service tests are recommended to account for the affects of specific operating conditions that may affect corrosion behavior. In processes where condensation of sulfur-bearing gases occurs, these alloys are much more resistant to attack at the point of condensation than conventional Alloy 316. The acid concentration has a marked influence on the rate of attack in such environments and should be carefully determined by service tests.
• The low carbon (less than 0.03%) of these alloys effectively prevents sensitization to intergranular corrosion during thermal processes such as welding or forging. The higher chromium contents of and Alloy 317L stainless steels also provide superior resistance to intergranular attack. It should be noted that prolonged exposure in the range 800 to 1400^oF (427-816^oC) can be detrimental to intergranular corrosion resistance and may also cause embrittlement due to precipitation of sigma phase.
• High molybdenum and nitrogen contents can significantly improve pitting resistance as illustrated in the preceding table of Pitting Resistance Equivalents (PRE). The PRE is based on the results of corrosion tests in which it was found that nitrogen was 30 times more effective than chromium and approximately 9 times more effective than molybdenum in enhancing chloride pitting resistance.
• The temperature of the onset of crevice corrosion as determined in a modified AST G-48B test is a useful means of ranking the relative resistance of stainless and nickel-base alloys. The Critical Crevice Corrosion Temperatures table that follows demonstrates that crevice corrosion resistance for austenitic stainless steels increases with the alloy's molybdenum and nitrogen content.

Physical Properties : The physical property data which follows represent the iron-chromium-nickel-molybdenum class of stainless steels. For all practical purposes, the data are applicable to Alloy 317L stainless steel. All properties are at room temperature (68°F, 20°C) unless stated otherwise.

Our company is ranked among well-known Manufacturers, Exporters and Suppliers of a wide range of 32750 Duplex Steel Products. Available in varied specifications, our 32750 Duplex Steel Products are reliable and durable. They are capable of retaining their physical properties even under extreme conditions. Interested buyers can get 32750 Duplex Steel Products from us in bulk at market leading prices. We guarantee 32750 Duplex Steel Products are made of 100 % pure mild steel. Thus, they are light in weight, robust and excellently finished.

 

General Properties : Duplex 2507 (UNS S32750) is a super duplex stainless steel with 25% chromium, 4% molybdenum, and 7% nickel designed for demanding applications which require exceptional strength and corrosion resistance, such as chemical process, petrochemical, and seawater equipment. The steel has excellent resistance to chloride stress corrosion cracking, high thermal conductivity, and a low coefficient of thermal expansion. The high chromium, molybdenum, and nitrogen levels provide excellent resistance to pitting, crevice, and general corrosion.

Applications :

• Oil and gas industry equipment
• Offshore platforms, heat exchangers, process and service water systems, fire-fighting systems, injection and ballast water systems
• Chemical process industries, heat exchangers, vessels, and piping
• Desalination plants, high pressure RO-plant and seawater piping
• Mechanical and structural components, high strength, corrosion-resistant parts
• Power industry FGD systems, utility and industrial scrubber systems, absorber towers, ducting, and piping

General Corrosion :

• High chromium and molybdenum content of 2507 makes it extremely resistant to uniform corrosion by organic acids like formic and acetic acid.
• Provides excellent resistance to inorganic acids, especially those containing chlorides.
• Can be used in dilute hydrochloric acid.
• Pitting need not be a risk in the zone below the borderline in this figure, but crevices must be avoided.

 
Intergranural Corrosion :

• Low carbon content greatly lowers the risk of carbide precipitation at the grain boundaries during heat treatment.
• Is highly resistant to carbide-related intergranular corrosion.

 
Stress Corrosion Cracking :

• Duplex structure of 2507 provides excellent resistance to chloride stress corrosion cracking (SCC).
• Superior to 2205 in corrosion resistance and strength.
• 2507 is especially useful in offshore oil and gas applications and in wells with either naturally high brine levels or where brine has been injected to enhance recovery.

 
Pitting Corrosion : Different testing methods can be used to establish the pitting resistance of steels in chloride-containing solutions.

Crevice Corrosion : Highly resistant to crevice corrosion.


Hot forming : 2507 should be hot worked between 1875^oF and 2250^oF. This should be followed by a solution anneal at 1925°F minimum and a rapid air or water quench.

Cold Forming : Most of the common stainless steel forming methods can be used for cold working 2507. The alloy has a higher yield strength and lower ductility than the austenitic steels so fabricators may find that higher forming forces, increased radius of bending, and increased allowance for springback are necessary. Deep drawing, stretch forming, and similar processes are more difficult to perform on 2507 than on an austenitic stainless steel. When forming requires more than 10% cold deformation, a solution anneal and quench are recommended.

Heat Treatment : 2507 should be solution annealed and quenched after either hot or cold forming. Solution annealing should be done at a minimum of 1925°F. Annealing should be followed immediately by a rapid air or water quench. To obtain maximum corrosion resistance, heat treated products should be pickled and rinsed.

Welding :2507 possesses good weldability and can be joined to itself or other materials by shielded metal arc welding (SMAW), gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW), plasma arc welding (PAW), flux cored wire (FCW), or submerged arc welding (SAW). 2507/P100 filler metal is suggested when welding 2507 because it will produce the appropriate duplex weld structure.Preheating of 2507 is not necessary except to prevent condensation on cold metal. The interpass weld temperature should not exceed 300^oF or the weld integrity can be adversely affected. The root should be shielded with argon or 90% N2/10% H2 purging gas for maximum corrosion resistance. The latter provides better corrosion resistance.