UMA Brothers

Mumbai, Maharashtra

Methyl analog of dextrorphan that shows high affinity binding to several regions of the brain, including the medullary cough center.this compound is an nmda receptor antagonist (receptors, n-methyl-d-aspartate) and acts as a non-competitive channel blocker. Dextromethorphan hydrobromide is one of the widely used antitussives, and is also used to study the involvement of glutamate receptors in neurotoxicity.

Treating Type 2 Diabetes in Patients Who Cannot Control Blood Sugar Levels By Diet and Exercise Alone. It May Be Used Alone or in Combination with other Antidiabetic Medicines. Glimepiride is a Sulfonylurea Antidiabetic Medicine. It Works By Causing the Pancreas to Release Insulin, Which Helps to Lower Blood Sugar.it is Sometimes Classified as Either the First Third Generation   Sulfonylurea , or as Second-generation. Controlling High blood Sugar helps Prevent kidney damage, Blindness, Nerve Problems, Loss of Limbs and Sexual Function Problems. Proper Control of Diabetes may also Lessen Your Risk of A heart Attack or Stroke. Glimepiride Belongs to Class of Drugs Known as Sulfonylureas. It Lowers Blood Sugar By Causing the Release of Your Body's Natural Insulin. Glimepiride is Very Potent and Has a Longer Duration of Action.

Details

• Synonyms - 1-(4-(2-(3-ethyl-4-methyl-2-oxo-3- Pyrroline Carboxamido) Ethyl) Phenylsulfonyl)-3-(4-methylcyclohexyl) Urea.
• Cas Number - 93479-97-1
• Molecular Formula - C24h34n4o5s
• Molecular Weight - 490.62
• It is a White Cyrstalline Solid with Melting Range of 212.2° C to 214.5° C. It is Insoluble in Water.
• Standard - Offered of Pharmaceutical Grade BP/USP/EP
• Packing - Offered in Export Worthy Packing of 25 Kilos or as per Our Customer Requirements.

Nifedipine Is A Dihydropyridine Calcium Channel Blockerthat Primarily Blocks L-type Calcium Channels. Its Main Uses Are As An Antianginal (Especially In Prinzmetal's Angina) And Antihypertensive, Although A Large Number Of Other Indications Have Recently Been Found For This Agent, Such As Raynaud's Phenomenon, Premature Labor, And Painful Spasms Of The Esophagus Such As In Cancer And Tetanus Patients. It Is Also Commonly Used For The Small Subset Of Pulmonary Hypertension Patients Symptoms Respond To Calcium Channel Blockers. Nifedipine Is Used To Treat Hypertension (High Blood Pressure) & Angina (Chest Pain). It Works By Relaxing The Muscles Of Your Heart And Blood Vessels. It Is Also Used For The Management Of Vasospastic Angina, Chronic Stable Angina, Hypertension May Be Used As A First Line Agent For Left Ventricular Hypertrophy And Isolated Systolic Hypertension (Long-acting Agents).

Details

• Synonyms - Dimethyl 2, 6-dimethyl-4-(2-nitrophenyl)-1, 4-dihydropyridine-3, 5-dicarboxylate
• Cas Number - 21829-25-4
• Mol. Formula - C17h18n2o6
• Mol. Weight - 346.34
• Nifedipine Is An Odorless Yellow Crystals Or Powder, Tasteless Having Melting Range Of 172°c -174°c. It Is Soluble In Acetone, Chloroform Or Dmso,
• Sparingly Soluble In Ethanol And Insoluble In Water. It Is Sensitive To Light.
• Standard - Offered Of Pharmaceutical Grade BP/USP/EP
• Packing - Offered In Export Worthy Packing Of 25 Kilos Or As Per Our Customer Requirements.

Rosuvastatin Calcium Is The Calcium Salt Form Of Rosuvastatin, A Statin With Antilipidemic Activity. Rosuvastatin Selectively And Competitively Binds To And Inhibits Hepatic Hydroxymethyl-glutaryl Coenzyme A (Hmg-coa) Reductase, The Enzyme Which Catalyzes The Conversion Of Hmg-coa To Mevalonate, A Precursor Of Cholesterol. This Leads To A Decrease In Hepatic Cholesterol Levels And Increase In Uptake Of Ldl Cholesterol. It Is Synthetic Lipid Lowering Agent & In Addition To Anti-atherosclerotic Benefit, It Also Exhibits Anti-inflammatory, Cardioprotective And Anti-platelet Activities. Separately, Rosuvastatin Down Regulates Erk, P38mapk, Matrix Metalloproteinases 2 And 9 (Mmp2/9), And Pai Expression, Inhibiting Migration And Proliferation Of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells. Additionally, Rosuvastatin Inhibits Activation Of Nadph Oxidase And Pkc, Decreasing Platelet Recruitment And Activation In Vitro And Ex Vivo.

Details

• Synonyms - Calcium, (E, 3r, 5s)-7-[4-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-[methyl(Methyl Sulfo- Nyl) Amino]-6-propan-2-ylpyrimidin-5-yl]-3, 5-dihydroxyhept-6-enoate
• Cas Number - 147098-20-2
• Mol. Formula - C44h54caf2n6o12s2
• Mol.weight - 1001.13
• It Is White Crystalline Powder With Melting Point 155 °c. Sparinglysoluble In Water & Methanol And Slightly Soluble In Ethanol
• Standard - Offered Of Pharmaceutical Grade BP/USP/EP
• Packing - Offered In Export Worthy Packing Of 5/25 Kilos Or As Per Our Customer Requirements

Fluconazole Used for Treating and Preventing Certain Yeast and Fungal Infections. Fluconazole is An Azole Antifungal and Kills Sensitive Fungi By Interfering with the Formation of the Fungal Cell Membrane fluconazole is An Antifungal Medication that is Administered Orally or Intravenously. It is Used to Treat a Variety of Fungal Infections, Especially candida infections of the Vagina ("yeast Infections'), Mouth, Throat, and Bloodstream. It is also Used to Prevent Infections in People with Weak Immune Systems, Including Those with Neutropenia Due to Cancer Chemotherapy, Transplant Patients, Those with Advanced Hiv Infections, and Premature Babies. Its Mechanism of Action Involves Interfering with Synthesis of the Fungal Cell Membrane. Fluconazole, the First of a New Subclass of Synthetic Triazole Antifungal agents, is Available as Tablets for Oral Administration, as a Powder for Oral Suspension, and as a Sterile Solution for Intravenous Use in Glass and Plastic Containers.

Details

• Synonyms - 2-(2, 4-difluorophenyl)-1, 3-bis(1, 2, 4-triazol-1-yl)propan-2-ol
• Cas Number - 86386-73-4
• Molecular Formula - C13h12f2n6o
• Molecular Weight - 306.3.
• Fluconazole is a White Crystalline Powder, Slightly Soluble in Water and Saline with Melting Range of 138°C to 140 °C.
• Standard - Offered of Pharmaceutical Grade BP/USP/EP
• Packing - Offered in Export Worthy Packing of 25 Kilos or as per Our Customer Requirements

Atorvastatin is in a Group of Drugs Called Hmg Coa Reductase Inhibitors, or "statins." Atorvastatin Reduces Levels of "bad" Cholesterol (low-den Sity Lipoprotein, or Ldl) and Triglycerides in the Blood, While Increasing Levels of "good" Cholesterol (high-density Lipoprotein, or HDL). Atorvastatin is Used to Treat high Cholesterol, and to Lower the Risk of Stroke, Heart Attack, or other Heart Complications in People with Type 2 Diabetes, Coronary Heart Disease, or other Risk Factors. Atorvastatin is Used in Adults and Children Who are At Least 10 Years Old. Atorvastatin May also Be Used for Purposes Not Listed in this Medication Guide.

 

Details :

• Synonyms - Calcium, (3r, 5r)-7-[2-(4-fluorophenyl)-3-phenyl-4-(phenyl Carbamoyl)-5-propan-2-ylpyrrol-1-yl]-3, 5-dihydroxyheptanoate.
• Cas Number - 134523-03-8
• Mol. Formula - C66h68caf2n4o10
• Mol. Weight - 1155.36
• It is a White to Off White Crystalline Powder, Insoluble in Aqueous Solutions of Ph 4 and Below. Atorvastatin Calcium is Very Slightly Soluble in Distilled Water, Ph 7.4 Phosphate Buffer, and Acetonitrile; Slightly Soluble in Ethanol and Freely Soluble in Methanol with Its Melting Range of 176°c to 178°c.
• Standard - Offered of Pharmaceutical Grade BP/USP/EP.
• Packing - Offered in Export Worthy Packing of 25 Kilos or as per Our Customer Requirements.

Fluticasone Propionate belongs to a Class of Drugs Known as Corticosteroids,   Specifically glucocorticoids, Which Are hormones that Predominantly Affect the Metobolism  of  Carbohydrates  and to a Lesser Extent, fat and protein. It is Used to Treat asthma, allergic Rhinitis, nasal Polyps, Various skin Disorders and Crohn's Disease and Ulcerative Colitis. It is also Used to Treat eosinophilic Esophagitis. Fluticasone is a Synthetic Corticosteroid. the Exact Mechanism of Action of Fluticasone is Not Known; However, It Stimulates Glucocorticoid Receptors in Humans that Produces a Potent Anti-inflammatory Response. Fluticasone Propionate, a Corticosteroid having the Chemical Name S-(fluoromethyl) 6α, 9-difluoro-11β, 17-dihydroxy-16α-methyl-3oxoandrosta-1, 4-diene-17β-carbothioate, 17-propionate & Following Chemical Structure

Details

• Synonyms - Fluticasone
• Cas Number 80474-14-2
• Molecular Weight - 500.6
• Molecular Formula - C25h31f3o5s
• It is a White Powder, Practically Insoluble in Water, Freely Soluble in Dimethyl Sulfoxide and Dimethylformamide, and Slightly Soluble in Methanol and 95% Ethanol with Melting Range 272°C to 273°C
• Standard - Offered of Pharmaceutical Grade BP/USP/EP
• Packing - Offered in Export Worthy Packing or as per Our Customer Requirements.

Azithromycin is a semi-synthetic macrolide antibiotic structurally related to erythromycin. It has been used in the treatment of mycobacterium avium intracellulare infections, toxoplasmosis, and cryptosporidiosis.Azithromycin anhydrous is a macrolide antimicrobial. The chemical classification of azithromycin anhydrous is macrolides.Azithromycin is an azalide antibiotic, which inhibits the growth of gram negative bacteria, such as haemophilus influenza. Azithromycin functions by interfering with 50s ribosomal subunit formation and translation, which inhibits the formation of proteins essential for bacterial survival studies involving capillary electrophoresis suggest that azithromycin can be used as a chiral selector for enantiomeric separation of compounds. In addition, azithrmycin can be used to increase chloride efflux and selectively reduces tumor necrosis factor in human cystic fibrosis cells. Furthermore, azithromycin reduces lps-induced pulmonary neutrophilia in mice, via suppressing the expression of il-1.

Topiramate is a sulfamate-substituted monosaccharide with anti- convulsant property. Although the mechanism of action has not been fully elucidated, topiramate antagonizeskainateampa subtype of the glutamate receptors, which are ligand-activated cation channels that mediate the fast component of excitatory postsynaptic currents in neurons of the central nervous system. This antagonistic action results in stabilizing hyper-excited neural membranes, inhibiting repetitive neuronal firing & decreasing propagation of synaptic impulses, thereby impedes seizure occurrences. In addition, this agent augments gamma-aminobenzoic acid (gaba) activity & thereby attenuating gabanergic inhibitory transmission.

Linagliptin Is Active Ingredient, An Orally Active Inhibitor Of The Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 (Dpp-4) Enzyme. Treating Type 2 Diabetes In Patients Who Cannot Control Blood Sugar Levels By Diet And Exercise Alone. It Is Used Along With Diet And Exercise. It May Be Used Alone Or With Other Antidiabetic Medicines. It Works By Increasing The Amount Of Insulin Released By Your Body And Decreasing The Amount Of Sugar Made By Your Body. Linagliptin Is A Potent, Orally Bioavailable Dihydropurinedione-based Inhibitor Of Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 (Dpp-4), With Hypoglycemic Activity. The Inhibition Of Dpp-4 By Linagliptinappears To Be Longer Lasting Than That By Some Other Dpp-4 Inhibitors Tested.

Details

• Synynoms -  1h-purine-2, 6-dione, 8-[(3r)-3-amino-1-piperidinyl]-7-(2-butyn-1-yl)-3, 7-dihydro-3-methyl-1-[(4-methyl-2quinazolinyl) Methyl]
• Cas Number - 668270-12-0
• Molecular Formula -  C25h28n8o2 And The Molecular Weight Is 472.54 G/mol.
• Linagliptin is a white to yellowish, Not Or Only Slightly Hygroscopic Solid Substance. It Is Very Slightly Soluble In Water (0.9 Mg/ml). It Has Melting Point 202°C
• Standard - Offered Of Pharmaceutical Grade BP/USP/EP
• Packing - Offered In Export Worthy Packing Of 5 Kilos Or As Per Our Customer Requirements.

Benzocaine is A local Anesthetic commonly Used as A topical pain Reliever or in Cough Drops. It is the Active Ingredient in Many Over-the-counter anesthetic ointments such as Products For oral Ulcers. It is also Combined With antipyrine to Form a/b Otic Drops to Relieve Ear Pain and Remove earwax. Benzocaine is The ethyl ester of p-aminobenzoic Acid (paba). It Can Be Prepared from Paba And ethanol by fischer Esterificationor Via the Reduction of Ethyl p-nitrobenzoate. Benzocaine is Sparingly Soluble in Water; It is More Soluble in Dilute Acids and Very Soluble in Ethanol,   Chloroform and ethyl Ether. This medication is Used to Relieve Pain And itching from Certain Ear Conditions. Benzocaine is a Topical Anesthetic that Helps to Numb the Pain and Itching. Benzocaine is Indicated to Treat a Variety of Pain-related Conditions. It May Be Used for Local Anesthesia of Oral and Pharyngeal Mucous Membranes (sore Throat, Cold Sores, Mouth Ulcers, Toothache, Sore Gums, Denture Irritation, Otic Pain (earache), Surgical or Procedural Local Anesthesia.

Thiocolchicoside is a small molecule muscle relaxant and anti-inflammatory agent, shown to function as a competitive gabaa (gamma-aminobutyric acid type a) receptor antagonist. Thiocolchicoside is also shown to inhibit strychnine-sensitive glyr (glycine receptors)with lower potency than gabaa, and to inhibit human achr (nicotinic acetylcholine receptors) with very low relative affinity.

Cinnarizine is a piperazine derivative having histamine h1-receptor and calcium-channel blocking activity with vasodilating and antiemetic properties but it induces parkinsonian disorders.Cinnarizine is an anti-histaminic drug which is mainly used for the control of vomiting due to motion sickness. It acts by interfering with the signal transmission between vestibular apparatus of the inner ear and the vomiting centre of the hypothalamus. The disparity of signal processing between inner ear motion receptors and the visual senses is abolished, so that the confusion of brain whether the individual is moving or standing is reduced. Vomiting in motion sickness is actually a physiological compensatory mechanism of the brain to keep the individual from moving so that it can adjust to the signal perception. Cinnarizine could be also viewed as a nootropic drug because of its vasorelaxating abilities (due to calcium channel blockage), which happen mostly in brain. It is also effectively combined with other nootropics, primarily piracetam; in such combination each drug potentiate the other in boosting brain oxygen supply.

Citicoline is a nutritional supplement and source of choline and cytidine with potential neuroprotective and nootropic activity. Citicoline, also known as cytidine-5-diphosphocholine orcdp-choline, is hydrolyzed into cytidine and choline in the intestine. Following absorption, both cytidine and choline are dispersed, utilized in various biosynthesis pathways, and cross the blood-brain barrier for resynthesis into citicoline in the brain which is the rate-limiting product in synthesis ofphosphatidylcholine. this agent also increasesacetylcholine (ach), norepinephrine (ne) and dopamine levels in the central nervous system (cns). In addition, citicoline is involved in the preservation of sphingomyelin and cardiolipin and the restoration of na+k+-atpase activity. Citicoline also increases glutathione synthesis and glutathione reductase activity, and exerts antiapoptotic effects.

GLICLAZIDE IS AN ORAL SULFONYLUREA HYPOGLYCEMIC AGENT WHICH STIMULATES INSULIN SECRETION. GLICLAZIDE IS A SHORT-ACTING, RELATIVELY HIGH-POTENCY, SECOND-GENERATION SULFONYLUREA COMPOUND WITH HYPOGLYCEMIC ACTIVITY. GLICLAZIDE ALSO INCREASES PERIPHERAL INSULIN SENSITIVITY. THIS AGENT IS METABOLIZED BY CYP2C9.

Isosorbide dinitrate is a vasodilator used in the treatment of angina pectoris. Its actions are similar to nitroglycerin but with a slower onset of action. Isosorbide dinitrate is a nitrate vasodilator. The physiologic effect of isosorbide dinitrate is by means of vasodilation. The chemical classification of isosorbide dinitrate is nitrates.Isosorbide dinitrate is the dinitrate salt form of isosorbide, an organic nitrate with vasodilator activity. Isosorbide dinitrate relaxes vascular smooth muscle by formation of the free radical nitric oxide (no), which is identical to the endothelium-derived relaxing factor (edrf). No activates guanylyl cyclase, thereby increasing the synthesis of cgmp within smooth muscle, resulting in dephosphorylation of light chain myosin and relaxation of peripheral arteries and veins. In addition, isosorbide dinitrate relaxes coronary arteries, thereby increasing the blood circulation through the ischemic area.

Lansoprazole is a substituted benzimidazole prodrug with selective and irreversible proton pump inhibitor activity. Lansoprazole prodrug is converted to an active sulfonamide derivative in the acidic environment of the gastric parietal cell; the sulfonamide derivative binds to the gastric proton pump h+k+ atpase and forms a stable disulfide bond with the sulfhydryl group near the potassium-binding site on the luminal side, resulting in inactivation of the atpase and a reduction in gastric acid secretion. This agent does not have anticholinergic or histamine h2 -receptor antagonistic properties. A 2, 2 2-trifluoroethoxypyridyl deri- vative of timoprazole that is used in therapy of stomach ulcers & zollinger-ellison syndrome. The drug inhibits h (+) k (+)-exchanging atpase which is found in gastric parietal cells. Lansoprazole is a racemic mixture of (r)- and (s)-isomers.

Efavirenz is a human immunodeficiency virus 1 non-nucleoside analog reverse transcriptase inhibitor. The mechanism of action of efavirenz is as a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor, cytochrome p450 3a inducer, cytochrome p450 2b6 inducer, cytochrome p450 2c9 inhibitor, cytochrome p450 2c19 inhibitor, and cytochrome p450 3a4 inhibitor. The chemical classification of efavirenz is non-nucleoside analog.Efavirenz is a synthetic non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase (rt) inhibitor with antiviral activity. Efavirenz binds directly to the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1) rt, an rna-dependent dna polymerase, blocking its function in viral dna replication. In combination with other antiretroviral drugs, this agent has been shown to significantly reduce hiv viral load, retarding or preventing damage to the immune system and reducing the risk of developing aids. Efavirenz induces activity of the cytochrome p450 system, accelerating its own metabolism.

Ezetimibe is an azetidine derivative and anticholesteremic agent that inhibits intestinal sterol absorption. It is used to reduce total cholesterol; ldl cholesterol, and apolipoproteins b in the treatment of hyperlipidemias. Ezetimibe is a dietary cholesterol absorption inhibitor. The physiologic effect of ezetimibe is by means of decreased cholesterol absorption.Ezetimibe is an azetidinone derivative and a cholesterol absorption inhibitor with lipid-lowering activity. Ezetimibe appears to interact physically with cholesterol transporters at the brush border of the small intestine and inhibits the intestinal absorption of cholesterol and related phytosterols. As a result, ezetimibe causes a decrease in the level of bloodcholesterol or an increase in the clearance of cholesterol from the bloodstream. Overall, the following effects observed are a reduction of hepatic cholesterol stores and a reduction of total cholesterol, ldl cholesterol, and other triglycerides in the blood.

Metoprolol is a selective adrenergic beta-1 blocking agent that is commonly used to treat angina pectoris; hypertension; & cardiac arrhythmias.Metoprolol is a cardioselective 1-adrenergic blocking agent used for acute myocardial infarction (mi), heart failure, angina pectoris & mild to moderate hypertension. It may also be used for supraventricular & tachyarrhythmias and prophylaxis for migraine headaches. metoprolol is structurally similar to bisoprolol, acebutolol and atenolol in that it has two substituents in the para position of the benzene ring.the 1-selectivity of these agents is thought to be due in part to the large substituents in the para position. At low doses, metoprolol selectively blocks cardiac 1-adrenergic receptors with little activity against 2-adrenergic receptors of the lungs & vascular smooth muscle. Receptor selectivity decreases with higher doses. Unlike propranolol & pindolol, metoprolol does not exhibit membrane-stabilizing or intrinsic sympa thomimetic activity. Membrane-stabilizing effects are only observed at doses much higher than those needed for -adrenergic blocking activity. Metoprolol possesses a single chiral centre and is administered as a racemic mixture.

Quetiapine is a dibenzothiazepine and antipsychotic agent that targets the serotonin 5-ht2 receptor; histamine h1 receptor, adrenergic alpha1 and alpha2 receptors, as well as the dopamine d1 receptor and dopamine d2 receptor. It is used in the treatment of schizophrenia; bipolar disorder & depressive disorder. Quetiapine is an atypical antipsychotic.Quetiapine is a dibenzothiazepine derivative with antipsychotic property. Quetiapine fumarate antagonizes serotonin activity mediated by 5-ht 1a and 5-ht2 receptors. With a lower affinity, this agent also reversibly binds to dopamine d1 and d2 receptors in the mesolimbic and mesocortical areas of the brain leading to decreased psychotic effects, such as hallucinations and delusions. In addition, quetiapine also binds to other alpha-1, alpha-2 adrenergic and histamine h1 receptors.

Piroxicam is a cyclooxygenase inhibiting, non-steroidal antiinflammatory agent (nsaid) that is well established in treating rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis & used for musculoskeletal disorders dysmenorrhea and postoperative pain. Its long half-life enables it to be administered once daily. It is a nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug. The mechanism action of piroxicam is as a cyclooxygenase inhibitor. The chemical classi- fication of piroxicam is nonsteroidal antiinflammatory compounds. Piroxicam is a nonsteroidal oxicam derivative with anti-inflammatory, antipyretic and analgesic properties. As a non-selective, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (nsaid), piroxicam binds and chelates both isoforms of cyclooxygenases (cox1 and cox2), thereby stalling phospholipase a2 activity and conversion of arachidonic acid into prostaglandin precursors at the rate limiting cyclooxygenase enzyme step. This results in inhibition of prostaglandin biosynthesis. As a second, independent effect, piroxicam inhibits the activation of neutrophils thereby contributing to its overall anti-inflammatory effects.

Ramipril is a long-acting angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor. It is a prodrug that is transformed in the liver to its active ramiprilat. Ramipril is an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor. The mechanism of action of ramipril is as an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor. Ramipril is a prodrug and nonsulfhydryl angiotensin converting enzyme (ace) inhibitor with antihypertensive activity. Ramipril is converted in the liver by de-esterification into its active form ramiprilat, which inhibits ace, thereby blocking the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin ii. This abolishes the potent vasoconstrictive actions of angiotensin ii & leads to vasodilatation. This agent also causes an increase in bradykinin levels and a decrease in angiotensin ii-induced aldosterone secretion by the adrenal cortex, thereby promoting diuresis and natriuresis.

Stanozolol is a synthetic steroid that has anabolic and androgenic properties. Stanozolol is a synthetic anabolic steroid with therapeutic uses in treating hereditary angioedema. Stanozolol is derived from testosterone, and has been abused by several high profile professional athletes.

Tacrolimus is a macrolide isolated from the culture broth of a strain of streptomyces tsukubaensis that has strong immunosuppressive activity in vivo and prevents the activation of t-lymphocytes in response to antigenic or mitogenic stimulation in vitro. Tacrolimus anhydrous is a calcineurin inhibitor immunosuppressant. The mechanism of action of tacrolimus anhydrous is as a calcineurin inhibitor.Anhydrous from of tacrolimus, a macrolide isolated from streptomyces tsukubaensis. Tacrolimus binds to the fkbp-12 protein and forms a complex with calcium-dependent proteins, thereby inhibiting calcineurin phosphatase activity and resulting in decreased cytokine production. This agent exhibits potent immunosuppressive activity in vivo & prevents the activation of t-lymphocytes in response to antigenic or mitogenic stimulation. Tacrolimus possesses similar immunosuppressive properties to cyclosporine, but is more potent.

Tinidazole is a nitroimidazole antitrichomonal agent effective against trichomonas vaginalis, entamoeba histolytica, and giardia lamblia infections. Tinidazole is a nitroimidazole antimicrobial. The chemical classification of tinidazole is nitroimidazoles.Tinidazole is a 5-nitroimidazole derivative with antiprotozoal property. Although the mechanism of action has not been fully elucidated, it has been suggested that tinidazole is metabolized & yields nitrite anions & metronidazole. Metronidazole's nitro group in turn is reduced via the parasite ferredoxin, thereby generating a series of free nitro radicals including nitro anions. Toxicity is achieved via depletion of sulfhydryl groups and dna strand breaks with multiple hits having an additive effect and ultimately leading to cell death.

Allopurinol is axanthine oxidase inhibitor that decreases uric acid production. It also acts as an antimetabolite on some simpler organisms. Allopurinol is a xanthine oxidase inhibitor. The mechanism of action of allopurinol is as a xanthine oxidase inhibitor. Allopurinol is a structural isomer of hypoxanthine. Allopurinol inhibits xanthine oxidase, an enzyme that converts oxypurines to uric acid. By blocking the production of uric acid, this agent decreases serum and urine concentrations of uric acid, thereby providing protection against uric acid-mediated end organ damage in conditions associated with excessive production of uric acid, i.e. The massive cell lysis associated with the treatment of some malignancies.

Miconazole is an imidazole antifungal agent, developed by janssen pharmaceutica, commonly applied topically to the skin or tomucous membranes to cure fungal infections. It works by inhibiting the synthesis of ergosterol a critical component of fungal cell membranes. It can also be used against certain species of leishmania protozoa which are a type of unicellular parasites that also contain ergosterol in their cell membranes. In addition to its antifungal & antiparasitic actions, it also has some antibacterialproperties. It is marketed in various formulations under various brand names.Miconazole is also used in ektachrome film developing in the final rinse of the kodak e-6 process and similar fuji cr-56 process, replacing formaldehyde. Fuji hunt also includes miconazole as a final rinse additive in their formulation of the c-41ra rapid access color negative developing process.

Omeprazole is a 4-methoxy-3, 5-dimethylpyridyl, 5-methoxybenzimidazole derivative of timoprazole that is used in the therapy of stomach ulcers and zollinger-ellison syndrome. The drug inhibits an h (+)-k (+)-exchanging atpase which is found in gastric parietal cells.A highly effective inhibitor of gastric acid secretion used in the therapy of stomach ulcers and zollinger-ellison syndrome. Omeprazole belongs to a class of antisecretory compounds, the substituted benzimidazoles that suppress gastric acid secretion by specific inhibition of the h+ k+ atpase enzyme system at the secretory surface of the gastric parietal cell.

Norfloxacin is a synthetic, broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone with antibacterial activity. Norfloxacin inhibits activity of dna gyrase, thereby blocking bacterial dna replication.norfloxacin concentrates in the renal tubules and bladder and is bactericidal against a wide range of aerobic gram-positive and gram-negative organisms.norfloxacin inhibits bacterial dna gyrase. Norfloxacin is a quinolone antimicrobial. The chemical classification of norfloxacin is quinolones.