Sky Agri Export

Mahuva, Bhavnagar, Gujarat

Chili pepper is the fruit of capsicum type of flowering plants. Based on the place and type, chili has different names. Spicy variant is famous as chili pepper or chilies while those mild or sweet are popular as red pepper, green pepper, bell pepper or just capsicum. The capsicum has a taste similar to the black pepper hence it is also known as a pepper.

Chili is originated from the western hemisphere where it is used in food. Currently, Chili is spread across the world after Indigenous people shared them with travelers. In pre-Columbian time, Peru cultivates the highest diversity ofChili and all five (annuum, frutescens, chinense, pubescens and baccatum) domesticates were introduced, grown, and consumed.

Capsicum grows well in tropical and sub-tropical regions. However, warm and humid climate is best for the growth and dry weather during the maturation of fruits. Capsicum grows in a wide range of soils though black soils which retain moisture for long periods are suitable for rainfed crop whereas well drained soils, deltaic soils and sandy loams are good under irrigated condition.

Capsicum is harvested in almost all states of India. However, the state Andhra Pradesh, Telangana and Karnataka together produces 70% of total production. Capsicum is sowed in two seasons (Nov-Jan, May-Jun).Green chilies are harvested after 110 to 120 days after sowing whereas red chilies are harvested after 140-150 days from sowing.

Peppers are commonly grouped in three categories such as bell pepper, sweet pepper and hot pepper. There are numerous variety of chili grows in India out of which most famous one are Kashmiri, Teja (S17), Guntur (sanam-S4/334), Birds eye chili (Dhani), Naga, Mundu, Jwala, Kanthri, Byadagi (Kaddi), and Hindpur-S7.

Chilies are commonly available in green or red fresh, frozen, canned, caramelized, pickled, and chopped forms. The dry chili products are also available asflakes, crushed, powder and seeds form.

Different variant of chilies are differentiated based on amount of capsaicin which is a lipophilic chemical (a chemical compound which can dissolve in lipids, meaning fats and oils) that produces a sensation of burning in any tissue with which it comes into contact and is irritant to mammals.

Uses/Applications:

Culinary Uses

• Red Chili is a popular condiment used as spice or garnishing purpose. It is also used as a pickle and a key ingredient to various sauces. Crushed flakes are sprinkled to number of seafood cuisines, soups, pizzas and also added to baked food.

Health Benefits Red Chilli

• Health Benefits Red Chilli
• Helps in weight loss and prevents atherosclerosis and colon cancer
• Helps to reduce cholesterol levels in the blood and stimulate the blood flow
• Aids in clearing mucus from nose and lugs by clearing sinuses and causing sweating
• Relieves respiratory problems and sore throat
• Helps to avoid stomach aches, gas and cramps
• It helps the nerves to distract from joint pain, which are otherwise contracted due to arthritis.

Caution: Excess consumption may cause burning sensations in throat, stomach, or rectum

Cumin is originated from Iran and Mediterranean (Southern Europe), it is a small seed that comes for the Cuminum cyminum L. herb, a member of the parsley family. During Second Millennium BC, Cumin seeds found during excavation at Syrian site. In an ancient Egyptian civilization, cumin was used as spice and as preservative in mummification. In India, it has been used as a traditional ingredient in innumerable recipes.Moderate sub-tropical climate is ideal for cumin cultivation. Moderately cool and dry climate is best. Cumin crop does not stand in high humidity and heavy rainfalls. Well-drained, loamy soils that are rich in organic matter are best for cumin cultivation. For commercial cultivation of cumin, a field in which cumin crop has not been taken up at least during last 3 years should be selected.

In India, Cumin is majorly cultivated in Western Indian State, Gujarat and Rajasthan. Best time for showing cumin seeds is November-December. Cumin seeds are matured within 105 140 days from showing. Harvesting is done by cutting the cumin plants with sickle and plants are stacked on clean floor for sun drying. Seeds are separated by light beating with sticks.

Cumin seed has a distinct flavor and warm aroma. Dried seeds are white fruit with greyish brown color of small slender. Cumin is available in the dried seed or in powder forms.

Uses/Application

Culinary Uses

• Cumin is used mainly where highly spiced foods are preferred
• It is an ingredient of most curry powders, many savoury spice mixtures, and is used in stews, grills especially lamb and chicken dishes. Cumin is a critical ingredient of chili powder, and is found in achiote blends, adobos, garam masala, curry powder, and baharat. Cumin is used as a flavoring agent in cheeses, pickles, sausages, soups, stews, stuffing, rice and bean dishes, and liqueurs. A refreshing and appetizing Indian drink, zeera pani is made from cumin and tamarind water.

Medicinal Uses:

• As a medicinal plant, cumin has been utilized as a stimulant, antispasmodic, carminative and sedative.
• Cumin oil has been reported to have antibacterial activity.
• It is used as a corrective for the flatulency of languid digestion and as a remedy for colic and dyspeptic headache.
• Cumin is wonderful source of iron and manganese, which is good for health

Health Benefits of Cumin

• Eliminates phlegm & mucus
• Prevents diabetes
• Increases cognitive performance
• Helps in treating piles
• Helps remove toxins from body
• Beneficial for lactating mothers
• Prevents colon cancer
• Treats weak memory & insect bites
• Boosts immune system
• Helps prevent premature aging

The Coriander that is also famous as cilantro, or dhania, is an annual herb in the family Apiaceae. Exact origin of coriander is not certain however, it grows wild over a wide area of Western Asia, North Africa and Southern Europe. Currently, Morocco, Romania and Egypt produces the major amount of coriander, but India and China also offers a good volume to globe. Moroccan coriander has the boldest appearance, followed by the Egyptian and Indian varieties. Romanian and Chinese coriander is typically darker in appearance than other types.

Being a tropical crop, coriander plants prefer frost-free tropical climate at the time of flowering and seed formation. Preferred temperature for better growth of crop is 20C to 30 C. Loamy soil is best suited for commercial cultivation of coriander where the crop is raised as an irrigated crop. Otherwise, coriander can be successfully grown in black soils also where the crop is raised as a rainfed crop. Coriander is intolerant to alkaline and saline soils.

Coriander is mainly grown in Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, Rajasthan and Madhya Pradesh. Best season for the cultivation of coriander is the June to July or October to November. The coriander plants are just pulled when the fruits are in full ripe stage but green and start drying. For fresh coriander leaf, plants pull out when they are 30 to 35 days olds. Coriander seeds should be harvested after 90 110 days after showing.

Mostly people do not aware that all the parts of plant are edible However, fresh leaves and dried seeds are most traditionally used in cooking. Coriander is a soft, hairless plant growing to 50 cm tall. The leaves are variable in shape, broadly lobed at the base of the plant, and slender and feathery higher on the flowering stems. The fruit is a globular, dry schizocarp 35 mm in diameter. Coriander seeds powder is also used in cooking for fragrant odor and pleasant aromatic taste.

Uses/Application

• It is widely flavoring agent in food industry and suitable to add pleasant aroma and flavor to food items. Coriander Seeds are also good to be used inside sausages, baking, candies, pickles, soups, processing foods, beverages, liquors and perfumes.

Health Benefits of Coriander

• The oil prepared using coriander seeds is bactericidal and fungicidal.
• It is usually used as health booster to maintain your overall health and stamina
• Acts as a detoxifier & purifies blood
• Regulates endocrinal secretion
• Promotes lipolysis & helps reduce weight
• It has wonderful tendency for treating gastric and intestinal pain.
• It can also be used externally as body lotion for nourishing skin or skin treatments.
• Relieves spasmodic & nervous cramps
• Increases libido & cures temporary impotency

Origin of sesame seeds is indistinct but it is believed that it is originated somewhere in India or China and then it reaches to the various part of the world. Sesame seeds are the oldest seeds known to the mankind. Since incident time, sesame seeds are used for the medicinal and culinary purpose and from which prized oil is extracted. The aroma and taste of sesame seed are mild and nutlike.

Sesame is now found in most of the tropical, subtropical, and southern temperate areas of the world. It thrives well on soil with natural reaction or acidic type. Sesame grows best in sandy well-drained soil. Saline or much sandy soils are not suitable for sesame cultivation.

Sesame is harvested in west Bengal, Southern and Western states of India. However, the state West Bengal, Gujarat and Rajasthan produces more than 60% of total production. Seeds are sowed in month of February or October and it matures after 110-130 days from sowing. Each plant contains 15-20 fruits and each fruit has 70-100 seeds.

Seeds are tiny, flat, shiny and egg-shaped.

Sesame seeds are available in greyish-white, brown or black color.Generally, sesame products presents in market are Natural sesame seed, hulled sesame seed, Toasted natural sesame seed, Toasted hulled sesame seed, and Roasted sesame powder.

Numerous medical uses of Sesame seeds

• Sesame contains two unique substances (sesamin and sesamolin) that are special fibers known as lignans. Helpful in reducing the cholesterol effect, prevents high blood pressure and increase the vitamin E supplies.
• Protects the liver from oxidative damage.
• Provides structure, strength and elasticity in blood vessels, bones and joints
• Help protect colon cells from cancer-causing chemicals
• Help prevent the bone loss that can occur as a result of menopause or certain conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis
• Help prevent migraine headaches
• Important in a number of anti-inflammatory and antioxidant enzyme systems
• Sources of dietary fat
• Used to treat numerous disorders including anxiety, insomnia, skin disorders (e.g., wounds, psoriasis),
• Helpful in sexual dysfunction (such as impotence) and tuberculosis
• Promote healthy liver function and prevent menopausal symptoms (such as vaginal dryness) in women
• Remedy for diarrhea, dysentery, cholera and gynecological disorders, and was used as a laxative.

Uses

Sesame seed are used in breads and bake products as well as in various food products for pleasant flavor. Sesame paste is added to sauces. Toasted sesame seeds are sprinkled on salads and various bake products. Sesame oil is used as a salad or cooking oil, ingredient in cosmetic products, pharmaceuticals, and lubricants. Press cake (product which remains after oil is expressed from sesame) is highly nutritious.