Smart Card Based Security Access Control System

In general, a smart card is an integrated circuit card with memory capable of making decisions. A smart card, chip card or integrated circuit card (ICC), is defined as any pocket-sized card with embedded integrated circuits which can process information. In this project, we are using a contact smart card where the information inside the card is communicated with the card reader by inserting card into the card reader. The card reader in this project used is an SR-90 SDK of 1KB memory size. The smart card module is interfaced with the micro controller and when the card is inserted into the reader, it reads the data in the card. If the data in the card is matched with the data stored in the program memory, then it displays authorized message, if the data is not matched it displays unauthorized as per the code logic. For authorized message, the door will be opened and closes automatically after a small delay. If it is an unauthorized person it alerts the persons through a buzzer. The smart card reader alerts the buzzer whenever it reads the data from the smart card. The door will be driven by DC gear motor by l293d driver. The significant advantage of all types of smart cards are contact type and high reliable. Every smart card having internal memory which is readable and writable. This project can provide security for the industries, companies, etc. In this project 7805 is a regulator and it avoids noise spikes in power supply. Smart card reader is connected microcontroller through serial port. These smart card readers works under 9600 or 4800 baud rates. 16X2 LCD connected to microcontroller through digital I/O lines.