Protects from water hammer effects in the pipeline system ,in situations such as column seperation ,deep well pumping and rapid filling of mains Operation in deep well pumping In deep well, the long suction pipe in the well shaft is full of air .As water is pumped rapidly up the suction pipe, air is forced through the pump air valve in great velocity .If the air valve were to slim shut suddenly ,by the approaching water ,instantly reducing velocity to 0, it could cause a sever water hammer or surge