Dhaincha Seeds

Introduction

• Dhaincha is an erect, somewhat woody, low annual subshrub, growing up to 7 in toll.
• It is o generally used as green manure crop. It con be grown on all season having sufficient moisture in soil.
• This leguminous seed is excellent in protein quality. It contains 32.7%CP It is a good source of lysine and methionine.
• It not only improve physical properties but also helps in meeting nitrogen requirement of succeeding crop.
• It falls under the category of Green Manure.

Inclusion of grain/fodder/legume crops in crop rotation helps in :

• Contributing as much as 50-60 kg N/ha to the succeeding crop of rice.
• Contributing about 60 kg N/ho when whole plant of mungbeon is incorporated into the soil after picking the pods in the summer season

Use of Sesbania Aculeata (Dhaincha) in crop rotation before planting Crops :

• Supplements about 50% of the total N requirement of crops.
• Provides about 75-100 % of the crop's requirement in the case of rain fed lowlands when the requirement for N is relatively low (60.80 kg N/ha).
• Has a mobilizing effect on PK and micronutrients in the soil.
• Reduces the leaching and gaseous losses of N, thus increasing the efficiency of applied plant nutrients.
• Can skip the P allocation to rice when 30 kg P,Olho is applied to the green manure crop.

Sesbania Aculeota (Dhaincha) also helps in :

• Increasing apparent use efficiency of K.
• Having residual effect on the next crop.
• It minimizes the adverse effects of Al' + and for Fe 1+ in acidic loteritic soils through the chelation of these ions by organic molecules liberated from FYM in the course of mineralization.
• Green manuring crop such os Dhoincha (Sesbonia oculeoto), etc. can be grown before the grains.
• Leguminous crops provide sufficient quantity of nitrogen. Green manure helps in increasing apparent use efficiency of K.
• It also has residual effect on the next crop and minimize the adverse effects of Al'+ and /or Fe '+ in acidic toter-Pic soils through the chelation of these ions by organic molecules liberated from FYM in the course of mineralization.
• It provides sufficient quantity of organic matter which in turn helps in development of good soil structure.
• Sesbonia oculeoto is equivalent to 60 kg inorganic N/ha.

EFFECTS OF CHEMICAL FERTILISERS

• Fertilizers nitrogen containing leads to cause soil acidification.
• Flood irrigation in pesence of sunlight leads to evapouraf ion of acidified water in atmosphere. This may lead to acid rain.
• This leads to decrease in nutrient availability which is be offset by liming. High levels of fertilizer cause the breakdown of the symbiotic relationships between plant roots and mycorrhizal fungi which leads to soil degradation.
• Methane emissions from crop fields (notably rice paddy fields) are increased by the application of amrnonium•based fertilizers.
• These emissions contribute to global climate change as methane is o potent greenhouse gas. It leads to loosing of soil.
• Due to acidification of soil by chemical fertilisers, groundwater table is charged with nitrate and other acids which is then consumed by humans.
• According to All India Instituteof Medical Sciences, it has been confirmed that use of chemical fertilisers has degraded the human health as the groins consumed byhumans contain lot of amount of fertilizers.
• Many big diseases like Cancer and tumor con be stimulated by presence of harmful chemical fertilizers.

BENEFITS OF SESBANIA ACULEATA/ DHAINCHA

• It does not Looses the sal
• It does not effect ect the groundwater table.
• As it is a leguminous plant, it provide the natural minerals to the soilwhich Is then taken by the crop.
• Sesbania Aculeata does not disturb Symbiotic relationships between plant roots and mycorrhizal fungi.
• It does not hove any compliant of causing any Human Disease os it is naturally obainted manure.
• Maine-ha1s suitable for foamy and cloyeysoils. It is fairly resistant to drought as well as stagnation of water.
• It grows well even In alkaline soils and correctsalkalinity if grown repeatedly for 4.5 years.
• The mots have plenty of nodules. It yields about 10- IS tonnes of green manure per ha and requires o seed rote of 30-40 kg/ha.
• Use of effective RhizobIum strain with seeds fixes the Nitrogen 1 kg / doy
• It incerses the fertility of the soil without any cost of other damage.

Grow green manuring crops such as Dhaincha (Sesbania oculeota), etc., before the Cropping season.
GREEN MANURE CROPPING
Before transplanting the rice crop, incorporate whole plants of leguminous crop grown in summer (such as greengram, blackgram and cowpeo) after picking the pods.
Conclusion

• Although the production by use of chemical fertilizers and use of green manure have no differences on quantity. But green manure has upper hand on the basis of quality and have no defer:refs on the soil composition.
• National Project on Organic Farming, a project by Government of India supports and confirms the benefits of Sesbania Aculeata (Dhoincho).
• Dhaincha brings happiness to the formers by producing high yield and keeping soil in good condition.