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An Introduction
Coriander, also known as the Chinese Parsley, Cilantro, Dizzycorn and Japanese Parsley, is an annual herb in the family Apiaceae. It is among the the first spices used by mankind, having been known as early as 5000 BC. Its description is also mentioned in Sanskrit writings dating from about 1500 BC. Coriander is referred to in the Bible, in the books of Exodus and Numbers, where the colour of ‘manna’ is compared to it. Romans introduced it to Britain and coriander was widely used in cookery and medicine until the Renaissance, when an array of new aromatic spices replaced it. Historical findings suggest that ancient physicians like Hippocratic and Pliny were familiar to it.In culinary context coriander refers to either the seeds of the plant (used as a spice), or to its leaves (used as a herb). Though, all parts of coriander plant are edible, but its dried seeds and fresh leaves are widely used in cooking. Its leaves are known by the name of Cilantro in North American countries. Coriander seeds are primary ingredients of the garam masala, a blend of ground spices common in the Indian, Bangladeshi and Pakistani cuisine. The word ‘coriander’ originates from French coriandre through Latin coriandrum in turn from Greek “?????????.”
Coriander Seeds
They are spherical in shape with a slightly pointed and flattened ends. Coriander Seeds are generally 3 – 5 mm (1/8” – 3/16”) in length and the colour, when dried, is usually brown, but may be green or off white. These tan-colored, ribbed and lightweight fruits have a distinctive fragrance and orange or lemon like flavor, due to the presence of the terpenes linalool and pinene. They are usually dried but can be eaten green.
They are widely used as spices in preparing pork, curries, Middle Eastern dishes, vegetables, stewed fruit, chutney, pickles, cakes, biscuits, lentils, etc. For obtaining superlative flavour, whole coriander seeds should be used within six months, or stored for no more than a year in an air tight container, away from sunlight and heat.
Its flavour is strong, yet delicate and complex, with notes of lemon and ginger. Coriander leaves are widely used in making chutneys, pastes and raitas when combined with other herbs and spices such as green chillies and mint.
Coriander Powder
Coriander is widely used as a powdered form in almost every Indian cuisine. It is obtained from the Coriander seed of the coriander plant. The powder is prepared by selecting the high quality of matured sundried coriander of fine quality. This assures fresh taste and aroma to any dish to which these are added.Coriander Essential Oil
Coriander oil is extracted from Coriandrum sativum of the Umbelliferae (Apiaceae) family and is also known as coriander seed and Chinese parsley.
For centuries it has been widely used in aromatherapy to treat mental fatigue. The therapeutic properties of coriander oil are analgesic, aphrodisiac, antispasmodic, carminative, depurative, deodorant, digestive, carminative, fungicidal, lipolytic, stimulant and stomachic.
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