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Where two axles cross at point and engage by means of a pair of conical gears, the gears themselves are referred to as bevel gears. These gears enable a change in the axes of rotation of the respective shafts, commonly 90°. A set of four bevel gears in a square make a differential gear, which can transmit power to two axles spinning at different speeds, such as those on a cornering automobile.  |
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There are four basic types of bevel gears-Â
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The design of bevel gears results in thrust forces away from the apex. With the bearing limitations the gears have to be carefully designed to ensure that they are not thrown out of alignment as they are loaded.
 The tooth-bearing faces of the bevel gear are conically shaped. These bevel gears are mounted on shafts that are 90 degrees apart, but they can conveniently be designed to work at other angles as well. By using bevel gears with different numbers of teeth (the teeth can be straight, spiral or hypoid), the rotational speed can easily be changed.
Bevel gears can be used to change the direction of drive in a gear system by 90 degrees. A good example is seen as the main mechanism for a hand drill. As the handle of the drill is turned in a vertical direction, the bevel gears change the rotation of the chuck to a horizontal rotation.
 The bevel gears in a hand drill have the added advantage of increasing the speed of rotation of the chuck and this makes it possible to drill a range of materials.