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1 Products availableOur product range contains a wide range of Sorghum, Maize and BARLEY FOR CATTLE FEED
General Characteristics
Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor), also known as milo, has a variety of uses including food for human consumption, feed grain for livestock and industrial applications such as ethanol production. The area planted to sorghum worldwide has increased by 66 percent over the past 50 years, while yield has increased by 244 percent. Around half of the sorghum produced is fed to livestock, and half is consumed by humans and used in other applications.
Currently, most human consumption of sorghum occurs in low-income countries, while high-income countries typically use sorghum as a component in livestock feed or to produce ethanol. Sorghum is a versatile plant because it can tolerate drought, soil toxicities, a wide range of temperatures and high altitudes.
World market
The United States is currently positioned as the number two producer and number one exporter of sorghum in the world market in 2010. In 2014 USA is a major producer of sorghum.World trade in sorghum is dominated by U.S. exports to Mexico. Other importing countries and regions include Japan, the EU, Africa, Colombia, Canada and Korea.
Over the past 30 years, annual world production and the area planted to sorghum have both decreased marginally from 62.8 to 59.3 million metric tons and 44.5 to 41.9 million hectares. Yields in 197880 and 20082010 were virtually the same (1400 and 1412 kilograms per hectare). However, these global figures mask wide variations at the national level. In India, for example, between 1978 and 2010 the area planted to sorghum fell from 16. 1 to 7.7 million hectares and annual production fell from 11.4 to 7.0 million metric tons, but yields increased by 40% from 689 (in 197880) to 965 kilograms per hectare (in 200810).
Sorghum Usage
In many parts of the world sorghum has traditionally been used in food products and various food items; porridge, unleavened bread, cookies, cakes, couscous and malted beverages are made from this versatile grain. Traditional food preparation of sorghum is quite varied. Boiled sorghums are one of the simplest uses and small, corneous grains are normally desired for this type of food product. The whole grain may be ground into flour or decorticated before grinding to produce either a fine particle product or flour, which is then used in various traditional foods.
Sorghum has unique properties that make it well suited for food uses. Some sorghum varieties are rich in antioxidants and all sorghum varieties are gluten-free, an attractive alternative for wheat allergy sufferers.
Because of its neutral taste, sorghum absorbs other flavors well. For example, U.S. white sorghum has been exported to Japanese millers to be processed into flour. Japanese snack food processors have used the flour in research and recipe development, leading to commercialization of snack food products. It is anticipated that more white sorghum based products will debut soon both in Japan and in North America.
Sorghum is also an important animal feed used in countries like the U.S., Mexico, South America and Australia. Good-quality sorghums are available with a nutritional feeding value that is equivalent to that of corn. Sweet Sorghum can be processed to further improve its feed value and techniques such as grinding, crushing, steaming, steam flaking, popping and extruding have all been used to enhance the grain for feeding.
Conclusion
Sorghum is one of the most drought tolerant cereal crops currently under cultivation. It offers farmers the ability to reduce costs on irrigation and other on-farm expenses. The International Water Management Institute (IWMI) warns that by the year 2025, 25 percent of the world's population will experience severe water scarcity. However, water productivity in both irrigated and rain-fed acres can be increased through the use of more water-use efficient crops, like sorghum.
Maize (Corn), is of American origin, and after wheat and rice, it is the most important cerealgrain in the world.
It provides nutrition to both humans (33.3%) and animals (66.6 %).
Serves as basic raw material for the production of starch, oil and protein, alcoholicbeverages, food sweeteners and more recently fuel.
Special crops grown primarily for food include sweet corn and popcorn, although dent, starchy or floury and flint maize are also widely used as food. Flint maize is also used as feed. Immature ordinary corn on the cob either boiled or roasted is widely consumed.
Global market
World corn production in the year 2014was 987million tons while in year 2015totalworld corn production is expected to be 991million tons.
Major producing countries are United States, China, EU-25, Brazil, Mexico, Argentina and Ukraine. These countries accounts for around 80 % of total world corn production.
Major consuming nations of corn are China and USA.
There has been continuous increase in the consumption demand of corn mainly owing toincrease in the demand from meat and starch sector. There is growing requirement of maize from poultry sector, which uses corn as feed.
Major importing nations of maize are Japan, Korea, Taiwan, Mexico, Egypt, Malaysia, EU andColombia.
Among the major exporters of corn, USA stands first followed by Argentina, Brazil and Ukraine.China, South Africaare minor exporters, their share is very low. Only USA dominates the international trade of corn as an exporter.
Ukraine market
Grain production in the Black Sea region is determined by three principal players: Russia, Ukraine, and Kazakhstan. (Though Kazakhstan is a landlocked country, up until now, most of its grain was exported through Black Sea ports). Grain production in these three countries (as well as exports) is practically stable. In 2013-2014, the three nations produced 38.6 million metric tons (mmt) of corn (1.5 billion bushels). Total grain production, including barley and wheat, was 151 mmt.
There has been a shift in corns share from 10% to 25%. Barley, as the coarse grain, has become less and less important. It is difficult to differentiate the grades of wheat (milling or feed) since the standards in the former USSR states are different from the ones used in Western countries. It is typical for governments in the years of poor wheat crop or low quality to manipulate the figures.
Ukrainian corn production for the 2014-2015 marketing year was projected to fall to about 25 mmt, down from 26 mmt the previous year.
Last year, 46% of Ukrainian corn was exported to the European Union (EU). Another 14% of the crop went to Egypt and 11% went to South Korea. The remaining major markets were Japan (7%), Iran (6%), Israel (3%), Tunisia (2%), China (2%), and Syria (1%). About 9% of Ukrainian corn went to other destinations. In 2013, Ukraine began exporting corn to China 519 thousand metric tons (tmt).
Ukraine remained one of the worlds largest exporters. Last year, the U.S. had 36% of world trade, Brazil had 17%, Ukraine had 16%, Argentina had 14%, and Russia had 3%. Remaining export nations accounted for another 14%.
Market influencing factors
Role of weather in crop production is immense. Temperature, rainfall and soil moisture arethe important parameters that determine the crop condition. Further, natural calamities like typhoon, floods, droughts and earthquake can also affect crops. Markets keep watch of these developments.
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