Heat Exchangers #3400685

Immersion heat exchanger is used to control exothemic reactions in glass vessels. In most applications, cooling water is used in the coils, but they can also be used with steam. In the latter case the coils must always be completely immersed in the liquid. The maximum pressure in the coils is 3.0 barg.

Shell and tube heat exchanger provides a versatile alternative to the coil-type heat exchanger described in previous pages. Shell and tube heat exchanger is particularly suitable for applications where large heat transfer area is required in relatively confined spaces. It is equally suitable for heat transfer between two liquids or gases. Shell & tube heat exchanger is available in single-pass as well as multi pass.Both versions are available with glass or mild steel shells in combination with glass tubes as standard. Consequently, there are three basic models. SALIENT FEATURESUniversal corrosion resistanceOutstanding heat transferSpace-saving arrangement by installing in horizontal or vertical positionSimple replacement of inner tubes for repair and cleaningLow maintenance costAvailable in wide range of HTAs. CONSTRUCTION FEATURESThe glass tubes are individually sealed in the PTFE tube plates using threaded bushes. The special construction ensures permanent tightness and easy replacement and cleaning of tubes, Baffles on shell side ensure improved heat transfer by increased turbulance.Sealing principle similar on all methods :Metal Cover (Bonnet)PTFE Tube Plate (Tube Sheet)Threaded BushGlass TubeBaffleGlass ShellPTFE TubeTaiRod in PTFECast Iron SS FlangeSpringsScrewed Rod or NutInsertFlat Washer OPERATING RANGE : The maximum permissible operating conditions in borosilicate glass 3.3heat exchangers are detailed in the table below.

Coil type heat exchanger is mainly used as condenser or cooler. It can, however, be used for heat transfer between liquids & gases in general. It has the coil battery welded to the jacket making a one piece unit. The maximum allowable pressure in the coils is 2.7 bar gauge. PRECAUTIONS TO USE CONDENSER ARE AS FOLLOWS:When connection coil-type condensers to the coolant supply, adequate flexible hose should be used to ensure that stresses are not transmitted to the glass. sers to the coolant supply, adequate flexible hose should be used to ensure that stresses are not transmitted to the glass.Condenser should never be operated with steam in the coils. They should always be used with an adequate flow of coolant through the coils and care should be taken to ensure that the coolant does not become heated to boiling point.Coolant control valves should always be turned on and off slowly, particularly when air is present in the line. Coolant should be allowed to drain freely to a point as close as practicable to the heat exchanger.Care should be taken in arranging the coolant supply in order to avoid water hammer A uniform, continuous supply of coolants should be ensured.If a condenser is out of service for any length of time, it is advisable to drain the coils, especially in winter when suitable precautions should be taken to prevent freezing of any water remaining after draining.Brine or other coolants in closed circuit can be used as coolant provided the suitable precautions against water hammer are taken.Condensers can be mounted in series to provide larger surface area. Condensers should be mounted vertically only.The maximum pressure in the coil is 2.7 bar. The maximum differential pressure across the coils 2.7 bar.

Shell and Tube Heat Exchangers are one of the most common and versatile types of exchangers used in heat transfer applications. They allow transfer of large amounts of heat in a more compact construction than is possible with conventional coil type heat exchangers. Shell and Tube type Heat Exchangers find application as heaters, coolers, condensers, vaporizers, reboilers, etc.

 

Pertinent Features of Shell Tube Heat Exchanger

• They have colossal Heat Transfer Surfaces.
• They have high Heat Transfer Coefficients.
• The sides of Shell, as well as Tubes, can be made diffusion and corrosion-resistant.
• Their Modular Design helps make the maintenance simple and also makes the reserves part stocking work efficiently.
• They can handle pressure up to +6 bar G.
• They are perfectly suitable for Pharmaceutical GMP applications that manufacture ultra-pure products.
• They are available with a different working capacity of heat transfer areas ranging from 0.3m2 to 50m2.
• They are highly resistant to corrosion, erosion, and oxidation across the full range of operating temperatures.

 

Variants

• Translucent reinforced protective coating to prevent from accidents from breakage of glass
• Multi-Pass headers in Metal for more efcient heat transfer
• Vertical installation possible with minor modications
•  GMP, cleanroom models available in all types
• Tubes of exotic materials such as Hastelloy etc. available on request in the same design
• Other process connection sizes can be modied as per application and user requirement
• Tubes of SiC and graphite also available, offering higher thermal conductivity.

 

Types of Shell And Heat Tube Exchangers

TYPE-I: Both Sides Corrosion Resistant

This is the universal and most common design of shell and tube heat exchanger, where both shell side and tube side are resistant to corrosion. It nds usage in applications such as condensation in the shell side, heat recovery, and cooling in a shell or tubes. With minor modications, it can also be used as a falling lm absorber and falling lm evaporator.

 

TYPE-II: Shell Side Corrosion Resistant

Type-II Heat exchangers are very similar to TypesI but have Metal (Mild steel or Stainless Steel) Headers instead of glass headers. These are used in applications where there is no risk of corrosion at the service/utility side. The process side comes in contact only with the glass shell or PTFE components, and hence can be corrosive. Thus, this design 1’5 generally used for condensation and tempering of corrosive liquids.

 

TYPE-III: Tube Side Corrosion Resistant

Type-II Heat exchangers are very similar to Type-I but have Metal (Mild steel or Stainless Steel) Headers instead of glass headers. These are used in applications where there is no risk of corrosion at the service/utility side. The process side comes in contact only with the glass shell or PTFE components! And hence can be corrosive. Thus, this design is generally used For condensation and tempering 0f corrosive liquids.

 

TYPE-IV: Shell Side Corrosion Resistant, High Tube Side Pressure!

A key factor due to which maximum permissible pressure is limited in Shell & Tube Heat Exchangers is the Tube sheet, which cannot withstand a high pressure since it is made of pure PTFE. In applications where corrosion is not an issue at the utility side, a reinforcing plate can be installed at the header side of the PTFE Tube Sheet. This increases the maximum pressure limit up to 6 Bar.

 

TYPE-V: Tube Side Corrosion Resistant; High Shell Side Pressure!

This design of the Shell and Tube Heat exchanger again uses the reinforcing metal plate to increase maximum permissible operating pressure. However, in this type, the pressure is raised on the shell side since the plate is installed on the shell side of the Tube Sheet and not the header side.